An iridovirus infection of the integument of the white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

Hedrick, Ronald P.; Groff, J. M.; McDowell, T. S.; Wingfield, W. H.

doi:10.3354/dao008039

Cited by 80 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The isolate demonstrated high pathogenicity, and thus is believed to have had a causal role in the catfish mortality recorded in the field. Our results also show the increasing importance of indoviruses in health problems encountered in fish farming as causative agents of systemic infections such as enzootic haematopoietic necrosis (EHN) virus (Langdon et al 1986) and sheatfish iridovirus (Ahne et al 1990), where in the past they were mainly known as agents of localized infections such as lymphocystis disease (Anders 1989j, viral (Hedrick et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Isolation and preliminary characterization of a pathogenic icosahedral deoxyribovirus from the catfish Ictalurus melas

Pozet¹,

Morand²,

Moussa³

et al. 1992

Dis. Aquat. Org.

121

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A virus was isolated from dead specimens of catfish Ictalurus melas originating from a pond in w h~c h the whole catfish population had succumbed to an acute infection within a week. Diseased catfish showed clinical signs of oedema and haemorrhages while other fish species present in that pond remained healthy. The virus isolate grew well in Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC), blueglll fry (BF2) and channel catfish ovary [CCO) cells at temperatures ranglng from 15 to 25 'C The vlrus formed tiny round plaques [diameter 400 pm) under agarose overlays and the BF2 cells were the most sensitive for thls assay. The infectivity of the catfish vlrus isolate was inhib~ted by chloroform treatment and its replication was suppressed by 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine indicating the presence of lipid components and a DNA genome. Hexagonal virions with a diameter of 150 to 160 nm, some of them surrounded by a n external envelope, were seen by electron microscopy in the cytoplasm of infected EPC cells. These virions were morphologically similar to those of the Iridoviridae. Infection trials conducted ln subadult and adult catfish demonstrated the strong pathogenicity of the new virus isolate and hlgh levels of virus were detected in the kidney and spleen, induclng a dramatic necrotlslng spleno-nephritis and subsequently death of most of the fish The infection tnal substantiates the causative role of this virus isolate in the massive catfish mortality observed and consututes the first record of an overt natural viral infection of I. melas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Moreover GFI displays similarities with Frog Virus 3 (Berry et al 1983). The catfish virus isolate also differs in size, target cells and pathogenicity from the white sturgeon iridovirus (Hedrick et al 1990). …”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a pathogenic icosahedral deoxyribovirus from the catfish Ictalurus melas

Pozet¹,

Morand²,

Moussa³

et al. 1992

Dis. Aquat. Org.

121

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“…Two serious viral pathogens, designated white sturgeon indovirus (WSIV) and the first herpesvirus isolate (WSHV-l), have previously been reported in cultured white sturgeon in California (Hedrick et al 1990(Hedrick et al , 1991(Hedrick et al , 1992. In addition, WSIV has subadults (N-Sick) with skin lesions exhibited mean anti-WSHV-2b neutralizing titers of 1:80, with a maximum of 1:320.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broad similarities described here include virion morphology, syncytiuminducing cytopathic effect, restricted host cell range and epitheliotropism. The CPE of WSHV-2, however, was remarkable in a number of important aspects which distinguished it from the 2 other known sturgeon viruses, WSIV or WSHV-1 (Hedrick et al 1990(Hedrick et al , 1992. WSHV-1 induced a globoid, giant cell syncytium and was not plaque forming (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and pathogenicity of a novel herpesvirus isolated from adult and subadult white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

Watson¹,

Yun²,

Groff³

et al. 1995

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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ABSTRACT. A syncytlum-inducing viral agent was initially isolated from the ovarian fluld of a domestic white sturgeon Acipenser transrnontanus female using the sturgeon spleen cell line WSS-2. Examination of infected cells by transmission electron microscopy revealed ultrastructural characteristics typical of the Herpesviridae. On the basis of differences shown by comparative in vitro growth studies and serological assays, the new adult isolate was tentatively designated WSHV-2 to distinguish it from a previously reported herpesvirus from juvenile white sturgeon. WSHV (WSHV-1). A water-borne transmission trial at 3 virus concentrations was conducted to determine the susceptibility of juvenile sturgeon to the newly isolated virus. At virus doses of lo5 and 104 TCID,, ml-' cumulative mortality reached 80% within 6 wk at a water temperature of 17°C. Virus was reisolated from all mortallties with concentrations approaching 10' TCIDSo g-I in cutaneous eplthelial tissues where severe hyperplastic lesions were observed. Challenge with 103 TCIDSo m l -' of WSHV-2 falled to induce clinical signs or mortality, although chronic subclinical infections were detected in a majority of survivors 70 d postchallenge. During our investigations of WSHV-2 from adult sturgeon, a second virus isolation was obtained from ulcerative skin lesions of naturally infected subadult white sturgeon. This virus induced identical cytopathic effects in WSS-2 cells to that caused by the adult isolate from ovarian fluid. Serum anti-WSHV-2 neutralizing activity was detected In subadults with skin lesions and among fish recovering from these lesions. Serum from naturally-infected juveniles and serum from adults hyperimmunized with the WSHV-2 from the ovarian fluid were used to compare the adult and subadult viruses. The 2 agents were neutralized with these 2 sera which conversely failed to neutralize WSHV-1 at the lowest dilution tested Our studies demonstrate that at least 2 pathogenic herpesviruses are found among white sturgeon The newly recognized WSHV-2 can cause both acute and chronic infections and possibly a latent carrier state in white sturgeon. WSHV-2 is the fourth virus to be observed as a cause of juvenile mortality among intensively reared white sturgeon populations.

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“…A second virus, the white sturgeon iridovirus (WSIV), has been detected in several farm-reared or cultured populations of white sturgeon in California (Hedrick et al 1990) and at least one site in Oregon (unpubl.). The virus infects epithelia1 cells of the integument and gills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of an epitheliotropic herpesvirus from white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

Hedrick¹,

McDowell²,

Groff³

et al. 1991

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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An iridovirus infection of the integument of the white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

Cited by 80 publications

References 12 publications

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a pathogenic icosahedral deoxyribovirus from the catfish Ictalurus melas

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a pathogenic icosahedral deoxyribovirus from the catfish Ictalurus melas

Characteristics and pathogenicity of a novel herpesvirus isolated from adult and subadult white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

Isolation of an epitheliotropic herpesvirus from white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus

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