An investigation on the most important influencing parameters regarding the selection of the proper catalysts for Claus SRU converters

ZareNezhad, Bahman

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2008.08.020

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This leads to a higher equilibrium conversion because the Claus reaction is exothermic. Typically, COS and CS 2 are also hydrolyzed in the first catalytic converter according to the following exothermic reactions [2]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrogen sulfide is present in the industrial world chiefly as an undesirable by-product of gas processing [2]. Different processes are used for recovery of sulfur from H 2 S but the most widely used is the Claus process 1) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Refining facilities need to process 10 or more LT/d 1) . A higher recovery of > 99.8% is required for most facilities with outputs of ≥20 LT/d 2) [8]. Changing the number and type of beds in the rich acid gas feed, increases the sulfur recovery from 96.1% to 99.3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

Asadi

Pakizeh

Chenar

2011

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

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In a modern day sulfur recovery unit (SRU), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is converted to elemental sulfur using a modified Claus unit. A process simulator called TSWEET has been used to consider the Claus process. The effect of the H 2 S concentration, the H 2 S/CO 2 ratio, the input air flow rate, the acid gas flow of the acid gas (AG) splitter and the temperature of the acid gas feed at three different oxygen concentrations (in the air input) on the main burner temperature have been studied. Also the effects of the tail gas ratio and the catalytic bed type on the sulfur recovery were studied. The bed temperatures were optimized in order to enhance the sulfur recovery for a given acid gas feed and air input. Initially when the fraction of AG splitter flow to the main burner was increased, the temperature of the main burner increased to a maximum but then decreased sharply when the flow fraction was further increased; this was true for all three concentrations of oxygen. However, if three other parameters (the concentration of H 2 S, the ratio H 2 S/CO 2 and the flow rate of air) were increased, the temperature of the main burner increased monotonically. This increase had different slopes depending on the oxygen concentration in the input air. But, by increasing the temperature of the acid gas feed, the temperature of the main burner decreased. In general, the concentration of oxygen in the input air into the Claus unit had little effect on the temperature of the main burner (This is true for all parameters). The optimal catalytic bed temperature, tail gas ratio and type of catalytic bed were also determined and these conditions are a minimum temperature of 300°C, a ratio of 2.0 and a hydrolysing Claus bed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

Asadi

Pakizeh

Chenar

2011

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

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“…There are some reheating principles that should be considered to optimize the Claus unit and maximize recovery of sulfur. The catalytic reactor output stream temperatures should be (a) 13–17 K higher than the outlet stream dew points, (b) low enough to maximize hydrogen sulfide conversion according to the equilibrium concepts, and (c) high enough for hydrolysis of COS and CS 2 in the first catalytic reactor …”

Section: Process Description Specification and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation, equipment performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis as a comprehensive parametric study of sulfur recovery unit

Hashemi

Pourfayaz

Mehrpooya

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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The sulfur recovery unit based on modified Claus process with split flow was simulated, so that the validation results showed satisfactory agreement with the refinery data. In this study, comprehensive investigation was carried out on various parameters of the unit. Concentration changes of compounds were investigated as the process stream passes along various equipment. Composite curves were generated, and the minimum approach temperature was calculated as one of the operational parameters of heat exchangers. Fluid condensation probability was investigated in catalytic reactors. The recovery of sulfur and the amount of sulfur production were calculated by process streams passing along catalytic reactors and condensers respectively. The most influential performance parameters including the fuel flow rate, combustion air flow rate, and bypasses fraction were considered as sensitivity analysis parameters, and their variation influences were investigated on the recovery of sulfur, the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide, the amount of produced steam, and the furnace outlet stream temperature. The optimal amounts for fuel flow rate and inlet air flow rate were calculated with the values of 0 and 202 mol/s, respectively, and according to the results, 15% of the mainstream flow rate gives the optimum amount of bypass fraction.

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“…Several variations of the basic Claus process have been developed to handle a wide range of feed gas compositions (ZareNezhad, 2009). Some of these are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Theoretical Flame Temperatures for Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit Using a Simple Method

Bahadori

Vuthaluru

2013

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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Recovery of elemental sulfur from industrial waste gases is an important problem both from environmental and economic perspectives. The most widely used process is the Claus process, where one-third of the acid gas is oxidized to SO 2 in a reaction furnace using air. This combustion generates a large amount of heat. Further, the combustion products undergo Claus reaction between H 2 S and SO 2 . The aim of this study is to develop a simple-to-use predictive tool suitable for combustion engineers, which is easier than existing approaches less complicated with fewer computations for predicting the theoretical flame temperature for both straight-through operation and for a split-flow operation with two-thirds of the acid gas bypassing the combustion section. The proposed tools are formulated as a function of the temperature of the acid gas feeding the combustion section and the hydrogen sulphide mole fraction (dry basis) in feed gas. Results show that the proposed predictive tool has a very good agreement with the reported data where the average absolute deviation percent is less than 0.1%. The proposed method is superior owing to its accuracy and clear numerical background, wherein the relevant coefficients can be retuned quickly for various cases. This proposed simple-to-use approach can be of immense practical value for engineers and scientists to have a quick check on theoretical flame temperature for both straight-through operations as well as for a split-flow operation for a wide range of operating conditions without the necessity of any pilot plant set up and experimental trials. In particular, process and combustion engineers would find the proposed approach to be user friendly involving transparent calculations with no complex expressions for their applications to the design and operation of sulfur recovery Claus unit.

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An investigation on the most important influencing parameters regarding the selection of the proper catalysts for Claus SRU converters

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

Simulation, equipment performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis as a comprehensive parametric study of sulfur recovery unit

Estimation of Theoretical Flame Temperatures for Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit Using a Simple Method

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