An investigation of the physico‐chemical basis of foaming in fungal fermentations

Noble, Ian; Collins, Matthew A.; Porter, Neil; Varley, Julie

doi:10.1002/bit.260440705

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

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Foam Formation and Control in Bioreactors

Delvigne¹,

Lecomte²

2010

Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology

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The generation of foam during the course of a bioprocess remains a major technological challenge to be resolved and needs further investigation. The foaming tendency of the cultivation media used in bioreactors induces various direct,that is microbial cells stripping and contamination, as well as indirect adverse effects, that is modification of the properties of the medium subsequent to the addition of chemical antifoam leading to toxic effects at the level of the microbial metabolism and fouling of the downstream processing equipment. In this work, the mechanisms leading to foam formation are described at the molecular level (adsorption of surface‐active molecule at the gas–liquid interface), and also at the process level. In view of the potential foam‐associated problems, special attention is given to the level of the compatibility of the intensification of the gas–liquid operation in bioreactors. Due to these considerations, both the chemical and mechanical antifoam techniques have been evolved. Numerous new antifoam formulations and original combinations of chemical antifoams have been especially designed in order to meet the specific requirements of bioprocesses. Original mechanical techniques to prevent foam formation in bioreactors have been elaborated from combined knowledge involving the fluid dynamics of gas–liquid dispersion and interfacial processes (e.g. the “stirring as foam disruption” concept).

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Foam Formation and Control in Bioreactors

Delvigne¹,

Lecomte²

2010

Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology

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Foam and Its Mitigation in Fermentation Systems

Junker¹

2007

Biotechnol Progress

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Key aspects of foaming and its mitigation in fermentation systems are presented. Foam properties and behavior, conditions that affect foaming, and consequences of foaming are discussed, followed by methods to detect and prevent foam, both without and with the use of antifoam, and their implications. Antifoams were catalogued according to their class (e.g., polyalkylene glycols, silicone emulsions, etc.) to facilitate recognition of antifoams possessing similar base compositions. Relatively few published studies directly comparing antifoams experimentally are available, but those reports found only partially identify clear benefits/disadvantages of any one antifoam type. Consequently, desired characteristics, trends in antifoam application, and chemical types of antifoams are evaluated on the basis of a thorough review of available literature reports describing a specific antifoam's usage. Finally, examples of specific foaming situations taken from both the literature and from actual experience in an industrial fermentation pilot plant are examined for their agreement with expected behavior.

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Past, present and future of glycolipids from Ustilaginaceae – A review on cellobiose lipids and mannosylerythritol lipids

Münßinger,

Beck,

Oraby

et al. 2024

J Surfact & Detergents

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The glycolipids cellobiose lipids (CL) and mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) are biosurfactants mainly synthesized by microorganisms of the Ustilaginaceae family. They have a large structural diversity, varying in their sugar moieties and the attached fatty acids, resulting in a prospectively broad range of applications. This literature review provides a detailed overview of known microbial producers of CL and MEL, and their respective metabolic pathways that result in different molecular structures. Further, current advances in the aerobic fermentative synthesis of the glycolipids and their purification methods are illustrated. All influencing factors identified to date with regard to the fermentation are highlighted in detail: For CL synthesis usually hydrophilic carbon sources are used as substrate, whereas hydrophobic carbon sources are usually metabolized to MEL. Nitrogen limitation was described as a major trigger for glycolipid synthesis and an acidic pH range was favored for increased CL production. An overview of applied fermentation parameters in recent publications (e.g., substrate‐concentrations, feeding approaches) demonstrates the future potential of CL and MEL production optimization. Foaming during fermentation is either combated or exploited by foam fractionation as the first purification step. The current purification processes focus on solvent extractions and chromatography in the laboratory scale and a need for development was identified for future scale‐up. Finally, environmental hotspots during CL and MEL production are presented and future optimization potentials are highlighted.

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An investigation of the physico‐chemical basis of foaming in fungal fermentations

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Foam Formation and Control in Bioreactors

Foam Formation and Control in Bioreactors

Foam and Its Mitigation in Fermentation Systems

Past, present and future of glycolipids from Ustilaginaceae – A review on cellobiose lipids and mannosylerythritol lipids

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