An Investigation of the Influences of Mesoscale Ocean Eddies on Tropical Cyclone Intensities

Ma, Zhanhong; Fei, Jianfang; Liu, Lei; Huang, Xiaogang; Li, Yan

doi:10.1175/mwr-d-16-0253.1

Cited by 49 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…However, when the TC center exits and travels away from the anomaly, the TC intensity returns to similar levels of the control experiment after around 12 hr. These changes are in the range of

V_{\max}

variability similar to previous studies (Chan et al, ; Ma et al, ). Similar behavior is seen with a 7‐day restart when the cyclone is in a more mature stage (Figure S1a in the supporting information).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The geometric size and relative moving speed in the WARM and COLD experiments agree with the typical values of ocean mesoscale eddies (Kossin, ; Ma et al, ). One CTRL run and 14 sensitivity runs have been carried out for 3‐day and 7‐day restart time, respectively (29 runs in total).…”

Section: Model Setup and Sensitivity Experimentssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Over 90% of the TCs in the western Pacific, for example, encountered at least one eddy in their lifetime (Ma et al, 2017). The impact of mesoscale temperature anomalies on TC intensity has already been extensively studied (Chan et al, 2001;Jaimes et al, 2016;Jaimes & Shay, 2009;Lin et al, 2005Lin et al, , 2008Ma et al, 2017;Shay et al, 2000;Wu et al, 2007;Walker et al, 2014;Yablonsky & Ginis, 2013). There is an agreement that intensification occurs when a TC core encounters a warm anomaly due to the enhanced latent heat flux at the sea surface (and vice versa for a cold anomaly).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long Memory Impact of Ocean Mesoscale Temperature Anomalies on Tropical Cyclone Size

Bruneau

Wang

Toumi

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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Mesoscale ocean temperature anomalies modify a tropical cyclone (TC). Through a modeling study we show that, while the maximum wind speed is rapidly restored after the TC passes a warm‐ or cold‐ (eddy size) sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly, the storm size changes are more significant and persistent. The radius of gale force winds and integrated kinetic energy (IKE) can change by more than 10% per degree and this endures several days after crossing an SST anomaly. These properties have a long memory of the impact from the ocean fluxes and depend on the integrated history of SST exposure. They are found to be directly proportional to the storm total precipitation. Accurate continuous forecast of the SST along the track may therefore be of central importance to improving predictions of size and IKE, while instantaneous local SST near the TC core is more important for the forecast of maximum wind speed.

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“…However, when the TC center exits and travels away from the anomaly, the TC intensity returns to similar levels of the control experiment after around 12 hr. These changes are in the range of

V_{\max}

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Model Setup and Sensitivity Experimentssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long Memory Impact of Ocean Mesoscale Temperature Anomalies on Tropical Cyclone Size

Bruneau

Wang

Toumi

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…After TC passage, the enhanced SST cooling by CCEs could resist for tens of days (Price et al, ; Walker et al, ). Recently, Ma et al () examined the influences of eddies on TC intensities based on statistical analysis and atmosphere‐ocean coupling simulations. The CCEs are found to induce stronger SST cooling, the extent of which depends on the TC intensity and translation speed, and the WCEs are shown to inhibit SST decrease in a slighter extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating Effects of Mesoscale Oceanic Eddies on Sea Surface Temperature Response to Tropical Cyclones Over the Western North Pacific

Fei

Huang

et al. 2018

JGR Atmospheres

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The impact of mesoscale oceanic eddies on the temporal and spatial characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) response to tropical cyclones is investigated in this study based on composite analysis of cyclone‐eddy interactions over the western North Pacific. The occurrence times of maximum cooling, recovery time, and spatial patterns of SST response are specially evaluated. The influence of cold‐core eddies (CCEs) renders the mean occurrence time of maximum SST cooling to become about half a day longer than that in eddy‐free condition, while warm‐core eddies (WCEs) have little effect on this facet. The recovery time of SST cooling also takes longer in presence of CCEs, being overall more pronounced for stronger or slower tropical cyclones. The effect of WCEs on the recovery time is again not significant. The modulation of maximum SST decrease by WCEs for category 2–5 storms is found to be remarkable in the subtropical region but not evident in the tropical region, while the role of CCEs is remarkable in both regions. The CCEs are observed to change the spatial characteristics of SST response, with enhanced SST decrease initially at the right side of storm track. During the recovery period the strengthened SST cooling by CCEs propagates leftward gradually, with a feature similar as both the westward‐propagating eddies and the recovery of cold wake. These results underscore the importance of resolving mesoscale oceanic eddies in coupled numerical models to improve the prediction of storm‐induced SST response.

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“…Indeed, two rich eddy zones exist in the WNP with the southern eddy zone located at lower latitudes which often highly impacts the passing typhoons (e.g., Lin et al ., ; Wu et al ., ). Over 90% of the typhoons were collocated with at least one warm or cold ocean eddy during their lifetimes in the WNP from 2002 to 2011 (Ma et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The influences of ocean on intensity of Typhoon Soudelor (2015) as revealed by coupled modeling

Huang

2018

Atmospheric Science Letters

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Typhoon Soudelor (2015) moved northwestward toward Taiwan and passed several mesoscale ocean eddies over the open ocean. A high-resolution air-sea coupled model HWRF is employed to simulate Soudelor. Coupled model with low-or high-resolution ocean conditions can largely reduce the over-intensification of the typhoon from uncoupled modeling. Coupled modeling with a more realistic finer-resolution Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) analysis helps better capture the rapid weakening of the super-intense typhoon for the first 2 days and the following re-intensification before 80 hr, due to the initial more realistic ocean conditions. The rapid weakening is related to the existence of initial cold core ocean eddies near the earlier typhoon, while the warm core eddies tend to decrease the typhoon-induced SST cooling and thus induce the re-intensification of the later typhoon. The typhoon boundary layer is shallower at the rear-right quadrant of the moving typhoon than that at other quadrants. The coupled modeling results show that a much shallower boundary layer lower than 200 m is produced at the rearright quadrant for the super-intense typhoon as the typhoon passes over cold core eddies and induces stronger SST cooling. In addition, stronger typhoon cold wake in coupled experiments induces larger inflow angles at lower levels at the rear-right quadrant than other studies. The simulated track near and after landfall at east Taiwan is also improved for the coupled experiment compared to the uncoupled experiment. K E Y W O R D Scold core eddy, typhoon-ocean interaction, Typhoon Soudelor (2015)

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An Investigation of the Influences of Mesoscale Ocean Eddies on Tropical Cyclone Intensities

Cited by 49 publications

References 60 publications

Long Memory Impact of Ocean Mesoscale Temperature Anomalies on Tropical Cyclone Size

Long Memory Impact of Ocean Mesoscale Temperature Anomalies on Tropical Cyclone Size

Modulating Effects of Mesoscale Oceanic Eddies on Sea Surface Temperature Response to Tropical Cyclones Over the Western North Pacific

The influences of ocean on intensity of Typhoon Soudelor (2015) as revealed by coupled modeling

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