“…Despite the original release of the ASCA National Model in 2003, the movement toward implementing RAMP-designated programs has been slow (Hatch & Chen-Hayes, 2008). In the roughly 5 years following 2003, less than half of school counselors had implemented a comprehensive, developmental school counseling program (Oberman & Studer, 2008). A more recent study estimated that, on average, school counseling programs have implemented the ASCA National Model at about a three-quarter level (Fye, Miller, & Rainey, 2017).…”