An investigation of mixture formation and in-cylinder combustion processes in direct injection diesel engines using group-hole nozzles

Gao, Jian; Matsumoto, Yuichi; Namba, Makoto; Nishida, Keiya

doi:10.1243/14680874jer02108

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The BSFC of the clusters is generally lower than that of the reference nozzle for both the piston bowl geometries. The clusters are regarded as a promising approach to lower fuel consumption at early injection timing because the sprays from clusters have a greater mass of entrained ambient gas and greater mass of fuel vapour than the reference nozzle [16,18]. In the PCCI condition, HC and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are of major concern, because HC and CO emissions are usually higher with lower combustion temperatures.…”

Section: Premixed Charge Compression Ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified bowl geometry for cluster nozzles in direct-injection diesel engines

Won

Peters

2010

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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A combination of high-pressure injection and small orifices will be one of the strategies to achieve lean combustion. However, equispaced small orifices tend to increase soot under high-load conditions because the spray penetration becomes exceedingly inadequate. For this reason, the cluster concept was chosen as the means to realize lean combustion. To make the use of clusters in a diesel engine feasible, a significant redesign of the typical incylinder geometry would probably be required to promote efficient air utilization. The new combustion chamber was designed with a smaller diameter and deeper bowl. It is expected to improve fuel-air mixing by better spray guidance. The study identifies the aspects of combustion and pollution formation that are affected by mixing processes and offers guidance for better matching of the piston geometry with the spray plume geometry for enhanced mixing. Various clusters were investigated to achieve variation in the injection timing for different test points in the original piston bowl chamber and the new bowl chamber, and the results are compared with those for a conventional nozzle. The cluster with the best results for smoke emissions in the first set of tests was also tested for different swirl ratios and different nozzle protrusion lengths.

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Section: Premixed Charge Compression Ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The penetration length and atomization increase for cluster nozzles with higher injection pressures [16,17]. Gao et al [18] have performed engine visualization studies using Fig. 1 Re-entrant bowl shape and shallow-dish bowl shape parallel and diverging group-hole nozzles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified bowl geometry for cluster nozzles in direct-injection diesel engines

Won

Peters

2010

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…Numerous research works have been performed on the influence of in-cylinder mixture formation and combustion process on the outcome of exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine [1][2][3]. It is well proven that homogeneous mixture results in lower particulate emission from diesel engines [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Exhaust Gas Recirculation, and Injection Timing on the Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Cylinder Head Porous Medium Engine

Chidambaram

Vijayakumar

2015

Journal of Thermodynamics

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Homogeneous combustion has the potential of achieving both near-zero emissions and low specific fuel consumption. However, the accomplishment of homogeneous combustion depends on the air flow structure inside the combustion chamber, fuel injection conditions, and turbulence as well as ignition conditions. Various methods and procedures are being adopted to establish the homogeneous combustion inside the engine cylinder. In this research work, a highly porous ceramic structure was introduced into the combustion chamber (underside of the cylinder head). The influence of operating parameters such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection timing on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of such developed engine was investigated in this research work.

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“…Uchida et al 1 reported the combined effects of combustion chamber geometry and swirl ratio on the emission characteristics. Gao and et al 2 studied the effects of a group-hole nozzle spray to achieve both fine droplet atomization and enough spray penetration. By improving air utilization in the cylinder, it is possible to improve both soot emissions and fuel consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous improvement in both exhaust emissions and fuel consumption by means of Fischer–Tropsch diesel fuels

Uchida

Sakata

Kitano

et al. 2012

International Journal of Engine Research

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In recent years, paraffinic fuels have attracted attention because of their potential for reducing diesel exhaust emissions, mainly smoke or particulate matter emissions. One of the paraffinic fuels, a Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel, was selected to demonstrate the lower exhaust emissions while improving fuel economy in this study. To examine the detailed effects of fuel specifications on diesel combustion and emissions, preliminarily tests for three Fischer-Tropsch fuels and a baseline diesel fuel were carried out with three diesel engines having different engine displacements. In addition, differences in combustion phenomena between Fischer-Tropsch fuels and the baseline diesel fuel were observed by means of a singlecylinder engine with optical access. From these findings, one of the tested engines was modified to improve both exhaust emissions and fuel consumption, simultaneously, dedicated to the use of neat Fischer-Tropsch fuels. The conversion efficiency of an oxides of nitrogen reduction catalyst has also been improved. The desirable properties of Fischer-Tropsch fuels for diesel combustion, namely high cetane number and absence of poly-aromatic hydrocarbon contents, have been fully utilized to enhance the conventional diesel combustion limits to show the possibility to achieve very low exhaust emissions with substantial improvement in fuel economy. The results of this study indicate not only the superior emission characteristics of the Fischer-Tropsch fuels, but also evidence that higher exhaust gas recirculation and lower excess air ratios will be a key concept of both engine and aftertreatment optimization for further fuel consumption improvement.

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An investigation of mixture formation and in-cylinder combustion processes in direct injection diesel engines using group-hole nozzles

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Modified bowl geometry for cluster nozzles in direct-injection diesel engines

Modified bowl geometry for cluster nozzles in direct-injection diesel engines

Influence of Exhaust Gas Recirculation, and Injection Timing on the Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Cylinder Head Porous Medium Engine

Simultaneous improvement in both exhaust emissions and fuel consumption by means of Fischer–Tropsch diesel fuels

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