An investigation of <i>Caligula japonica</i> (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) egg distribution and associated parasitoids on walnut trees (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) in northwestern China

Pest Management Science

Iqbal

Lv³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

BACKGROUND Eupelmid egg parasitoids in the genera Anastatus and Mesocomys are important biological control agents for lepidopterous and hemipterous pests worldwide. The egg of Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi has been widely used for mass rearing of Trichogramma parasitoids. This study evaluated the suitability and optimal use methods of A. pernyi egg as a factitious host for the rearing of six eupelmid egg parasitoids (Anastatus fulloi, Anastatus gansuensis, Anastatus japonicus, Anastatus meilingensis, Mesocomys albitarsis and Mesocomys trabalae). Each parasitoid was tested for its oviposition preference and offspring performance on various differently treated host eggs (extracted from virgin moths or laid naturally by virgin or mated moths, and washed or unwashed prior to the use) in both no‐choice and choice tests. RESULTS All treated A. pernyi eggs were readily parasitized by the six parasitoids. In general, A. gansuensis and M. trabalae preferred washed over unwashed eggs regardless of the fertilization status of host eggs, A. fulloi and A. meilingensis parasitized more unfertilized than fertilized host eggs, and A. japonicus and M. albitarsis did not show a preference among differently treated host eggs. Host egg treatment did not significantly affect offspring fitness (development time, survival, sex ratio and body size) nor reproductive potential of developed adult females for each parasitoid species, except for M. albitarsis (whose females contained more eggs when reared from unfertilized than fertilized host eggs). CONCLUSION Results suggest that manually extracted, unfertilized and washed A. pernyi eggs are most suitable for mass rearing of these eupelmid egg parasitoids in biological control programs.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese oak silkworm Antherae pernyi egg, a suitable factitious host for rearing eupelmid egg parasitoids

Pest Management Science

Iqbal

Lv³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

“…For example, the egg parasitoid Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) (later identified as A. fulloi Sheng & Wang) has been mass-produced and released annually to control the litchi stink bug Tessaratoma papillosa Stål (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae) in China since the late 1960s (Li et al 2014). Recently, the egg parasitoids Trissolcus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and A. bifasciatus Geoffroy are considered as candidate biological control agents for inundative releases against the invasive brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North America and Europe (Talamas et al 2015;Stahl et al 2018a, b;Abram et al 2019 (Chen et al 2020). Parasitism rates of JGS egg masses (individual eggs) ranged from 0.55% (0.01%) to 30.41% (3.59%) in the fields (Chen et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the egg parasitoids Trissolcus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and A. bifasciatus Geoffroy are considered as candidate biological control agents for inundative releases against the invasive brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North America and Europe (Talamas et al 2015;Stahl et al 2018a, b;Abram et al 2019 (Chen et al 2020). Parasitism rates of JGS egg masses (individual eggs) ranged from 0.55% (0.01%) to 30.41% (3.59%) in the fields (Chen et al 2020). Among them, A. fulloi is a widely distributed and well-studied species as a biological control agent of various lepidopteran and pentatomid (Hemiptera) eggs (Li et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study aimed to identify the most suitable agents for biological control of JGS among six recently discovered indigenous eupelmid egg parasitoids: A. fulloi, A. gansuensis, A. japonicus, A. meilingensis, M. albitarsis and M. trabalae using A. pernyi egg as a factitious host. The eulophid A. brevipedicellus was not tested because of its low field parasitism on individual JGS eggs (< 1.1%) or egg masses (< 2.2%) during the field surveys (Chen et al 2020). Specifically, we comparatively evaluated their relative performances on differently aged JGS eggs in terms of the number of parasitized eggs and offspring fitness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Performances of six eupelmid egg parasitoids from China on Japanese giant silkworm Caligula japonica with different host age regimes

et al. 2020

J Pest Sci

Self Cite

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

“…As part of pest control, tons of moth cocoons belonging to C. japonica are collected and burned in China every year. 41,42 C. japonica produces a long oval-shaped brown net-like cocoon which has received very little attention from researchers, and its medical mesh applications are completely unexplored. In this work, we develop a mesh material from the C. japonica cocoon via a mild chemical process in a single step.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroporous Surgical Mesh from a Natural Cocoon Composite

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

Zang

Koc-Bilican

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Recently, traditional polymer-based surgical meshes have drawn unwanted attention as a result of host tissue complications arising from infection, biocompatibility, and mechanical compatibility. Seeking an alternative solution, we present a hierarchically structured nanofibrous surgical mesh derived from the naturally woven cocoon of the Japanese giant silkworm, termed MothMesh. We report that it displays nontoxicity, biocompatibility, suitable mechanical properties, and porosity while showing no adverse effect in animal trials and even appears to enhance cell proliferation. Hence, we assert that the use of this natural material may provide an effective and improved alternative to existing synthetic meshes.