An Investigation of Changing Attitudes and Behaviors and Problematic Internet Use in Children Aged 8 to 17 Years During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Purpose To examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle, habits, and behavioral differences in children, and their changing internet use habits. Methods The research was planned as a cross-sectional study involving 4892 children aged 8 to 17 years attending schools in the city center of Trabzon, Turkey. Children’s daily living activities, social habits, mood and temperament changes, and internet use were investigated before and during the pandemic. In terms of problematic internet use, internet addiction rates were evaluated using the validated Turkish-language version of the Parent-Child Internet Addiction Scale (PCIAT-20). Results The children’s mean age was 13 ± 2.45 years, and 17.1% (n = 837) exhibited problematic internet use features on the PCIAT-20. Problematic internet use was higher in boys and in children older than 13 years. The presence of COVID-19 infection among members of the household, quarantine measures, attending private schools, the mother’s occupation, the time spent by the mother and father on their mobile phones, and high parental education levels were associated with a high level of internet addiction. Families also described significant changes in their children’s temperament and character compared with the pre-pandemic period. Conclusion The prevalence of problematic internet use increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous studies from Turkey. Children were also more introverted, irritable, and pessimistic during the pandemic.

Evaluating a cross-lagged panel model between problematic internet use and psychological distress and cross-level mediation of school administrator support on problematic internet use: The serial mediating role of psychological needs thwarting of online teaching and psychological distress

“…For example, prior studies have reported increased PIU among normal adults during home restriction ( 80 – 82 ) and the COVID-19 literature also shows that for individuals who needed to work from home, PIU was significantly correlated with psychological distress during this period ( 83 , 84 ). However, most research assessing the associations between psychological distress and PIU has focused on children ( 85 – 88 ), adolescents ( 89 , 90 ), and individuals with existing psychiatric illnesses ( 91 , 92 ). Rarely has such evidence been reported among individuals with specific occupations, such as schoolteachers.…”

Parental Home Monitoring and Support and Students’ Online Learning and Socioemotional Well-Being During COVID-19 School Suspension in Hong Kong

“…Durna and Kosterelioglu (2021) reported that teachers in Turkey perceived that students’ socioemotional well-being was adversely affected during the pandemic. Kamaşak et al (2022) found that students in Turkey were more introverted, irritable, and pessimistic during the pandemic.…”

Screen Time and Child Behavioral Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

“…[ 24 25 26 ] Conversely, children’s use of social networks has been associated with increased introversion and behavioral problems, including higher-than-normal levels of depression, attention deficits, and anxiety. [ 27 ]…”