An investigation of ceramic/aluminium composites as shields for hypervelocity impacts

Сильвестров, В. В.; Пластинин, А. В.; Пай, В. В.; Yakovlev, I. V.

doi:10.1016/s0734-743x(99)00130-x

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The tests were conducted at a hypervelocity speed of 7 km/s with aluminium balls weighing 6.1 g. The presence of the intermediate layers enable a better impact resistance for these whipple shields. In the same year, Silvestrov et al [72] tested ceramic/aluminium composites as at hypervelocities of 5.5 to 7.5 km/s. However, the performance of ceramics were inferior to that of convetional whipple shields.…”

Section: Experimental Analysis Of Whipple Shieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Whipple Shield Design and Development:

Pai

Divakaran

Anand

et al. 2021

J. dynamic behavior mater.

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Safety of satellites as well as spacecrafts during space missions is a primary objective to preserve the physical and virtual assets onboard. Whipple shields belong to the class of protective equipment provided on the surface of the spacecrafts and satellites, to sustain impacts from the ultra-high speed debris, which can otherwise cause considerable damage to the corresponding structures. Recent works on whipple shields are focussed on determining the response of different geometrical arrangements and material properties under hyper-velocity impact at projectile speeds of 3-18 km/s. Advances in the whipple shield design include integrated and mechanised models employing high performance materials like fiber-metal laminates ensuring better operational capability. The forward bumper of the whipple shield is the first line of defence as it regulates the state of projectile after the primary impact. Use of aluminium alloys for front bumpers is popular, owing to their lightweight and strength characteristics. The advances for the front bumper have seen usage of ceramic, metallic foams, and super composite mixtures, which resulted in enhanced performance, durability and safety of the whipple shields. This work is a comprehensive coverage of the latest materials used for whipple shields, their performance characterization—both experimental and theoretical, and applications.

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Section: Experimental Analysis Of Whipple Shieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Whipple Shield Design and Development:

Pai

Divakaran

Anand

et al. 2021

J. dynamic behavior mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the past few decades, IR transparent ceramics have progressed significantly for this purpose [20]. The toughness of these ceramic composites also makes them great Whipple shields [19].…”

Section: Conceptual Cubesatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Small-Satellites to Live Through the Kessler Effect

Morad,

Kalita,

Nallapu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The rapid advancement and miniaturization of spacecraft electronics, sensors, actuators, and power systems have resulted in growing proliferation of small-spacecraft. Coupled with this is the growing number of rocket launches, with left-over debris marking their trail. The space debris problem has also been compounded by test of several satellite killer missiles that have left large remnant debris fields. In this paper, we assume a future in which the Kessler Effect has taken hold and analyze the implications on the design of small-satellites and CubeSats. We use a multiprong approach of surveying the latest technologies, including the ability to sense space debris in orbit, perform obstacle avoidance, have sufficient shielding to take on small impacts and other techniques to mitigate the problem. Detecting and tracking space debris threats on-orbit is expected to be an important approach and we will analyze the latest vision algorithms to perform the detection, followed by quick reaction control systems to perform the avoidance. Alternately there may be scenarios where the debris is too small to track and avoid. In this case, the spacecraft will need passive mitigation measures to survive the impact. Based on these conditions, we develop a strawman design of a small spacecraft to mitigate these challenges. Based upon this study, we identify if there is sufficient present-day COTS technology to mitigate or shield satellites from the problem. We conclude by outlining technology pathways that need to be advanced now to best prepare ourselves for the worst-case eventuality of Kessler Effect taking hold in the upper altitudes of Low Earth Orbit.

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“…In 1995, Silvestrov et al [151] presented the results on the damage of three different types of fibre reinforced epoxy laminated composite when under the impact of steel and glass projectiles at velocities in the region of 8-11km/s. Work completed in the years that followed focused more on hypervelocity impact of ceramic/aluminium composites in order to develop materials that offered greater penetration resistance against meteoroid and debris impacts for applications such as space vehicles [152,153].…”

Section: Hyper Velocity Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%