An investigation of cell wall micropore blocking as a possible mechanism for the decay resistance of anhydride modified wood

Hill, Callum A. S.; Forster, Simon C.; Farahani, Masoumeh; Hale, Mike; Ormondroyd, Graham; Williams, Gareth R.

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.07.003

Cited by 128 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, Hill et al (2005Hill et al ( , 2009) and Papadopoulos and Hill (2002) showed that the number of OH-groups blocked in acetylated wood do not correlate with decay resistance. Accordingly, the loss of hemicelluloses from thermally modified wood does not correlate with decay resistance (Hakkou et al 2006;Welzbacher 2007).…”

Section: Exclusion Of Moisture Via the Reduction Of Accessible Oh-groupsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, this theory does not explain the initial inhibition of decay, because micropore blocking can only reduce rate of diffusion of fungal reductants rather than inhibit their diffusion (Hill et al 2005). Thus, micropore Wood polymers are modified in such a way that fungal enzymes no longer recognize them; therefore, enzymatic hydrolysis is not possible.…”

Section: Blocking Of Microporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Ringman

Pilgård²,

Brischke

et al. 2013

Holzforschung

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Chemically or physically modified wood materials have enhanced resistance to wood decay fungi. In contrast to treatments with traditional wood preservatives, where the resistance is caused mainly by the toxicity of the chemicals added, little is known about the mode of action of nontoxic wood modification methods. This study reviews established theories related to resistance in acetylated, furfurylated, dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea-treated, and thermally modified wood. The main conclusion is that only one theory provides a consistent explanation for the initial inhibition of brown rot degradation in modified wood, that is, moisture exclusion via the reduction of cell wall voids. Other proposed mechanisms, such as enzyme nonrecognition, micropore blocking, and reducing the number of free hydroxyl groups, may reduce the degradation rate when cell wall water uptake is no longer impeded.

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Section: Exclusion Of Moisture Via the Reduction Of Accessible Oh-groupsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Blocking Of Microporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Ringman

Pilgård²,

Brischke

et al. 2013

Holzforschung

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“…Accordingly, modified wood is less susceptible to decay by the Fenton reaction. Hill et al (2005) demonstrated that acetylated wood suffers less ML due to brown rot decay as a function of increasing WPG through acetylation and attributed this to micropore blocking, which prevents the penetration of the decay agent into the cell wall (Hill et al 2005) and/or to reduced cell wall MC (Hill 2009). A direct effect of chemical modification on the resistance of wood to isolated decay agent has not yet been shown.…”

Section: Gas Production By the Fenton Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three reasons are considered to explain the increased decay resistance of modified wood (Verma et al 2008(Verma et al , 2009Verma and Mai 2010): (a) Changes in the cell wall polymers (due to blocking of hydroxyl groups) might render these substrates unrecognisable for enzymes. (b) A smaller micro-pore size in the wood cell wall due to bulking or cross-linking of cell wall polymers might further reduce the accessibility of enzymes and of diffusible agents with MW low compared with native wood (Hill et al 2005). (c) Reduction of the cell wall moisture content (MC), which is generally equivalent to the FSP during fungal degradation, inhibits the diffusion process of the decay agent into the cell wall (Hill 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of chemically modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with Fenton reagent

Xie¹,

Xiao²,

Mai

2014

Holzforschung

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Abstract:The Fenton reaction is supposed to play a key role in the initial wood degradation by brown rot fungi. Wood was modified with 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and glutaraldehyde (GA) to various weight percentage gains in order to study if these types of modifications are able to reduce wood degradation by Fenton reagent. Veneers modified with higher concentrations (1.2 and 2.0 mol l -1 ) of both chemicals exhibited minor losses in mass and tensile strength during treatment with Fenton reagent, which shows restrained oxidative degradation by hydroxyl radicals. The decomposition rate of H 2 O 2 was lower in the Fenton solutions containing modified veneers than in those containing unmodified controls. More CO 2 evolved in systems containing unmodified veneers than in systems with modified veneers, indicating that modification protected wood from mineralisation. The reason for the enhanced resistance of modified wood to the Fenton reaction is attributed to impeded diffusion of the reagent into the cell wall rather than to inhibition of the Fenton reaction itself. The results show that wood modification with DMDHEU and GA is able to restrain the degradation of wood by the Fenton reaction and can explain why modified wood is more resistant to brown rot decay.

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Transesterification reaction between acetylated wood and trialkoxysilane coupling agents

Özmen

Çetin

Tingaut

et al. 2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel dibutyltin oxide-catalyzed transesterification reaction between acetylated maritime pine sapwood (Pinus pinaster Soland) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) was studied. The transesterification exchange between the acetyl moities and MTMS was confirmed by weight percent gain calculations, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, as well as solid state 13 C and 29 Si crosspolarization with magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The silicon atoms in the MTMStransesterified wood were found to exist in the form of more or less condensed structures, concurrently formed by condensation between neighboring Si(OMe) 3 groups. An increase in the acetyl/MTMS exchange rate was also noted when the catalyst amount, temperature, or reaction time were increased.

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An investigation of cell wall micropore blocking as a possible mechanism for the decay resistance of anhydride modified wood

Cited by 128 publications

References 9 publications

Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Degradation of chemically modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with Fenton reagent

Transesterification reaction between acetylated wood and trialkoxysilane coupling agents

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