An Investigation into the Morphometric Developments of the Maxillary and Mandibular Arches during the Fetal Period

Esenlik, Elçin; Şener, Emine Hilal; Koçer, Gülperi; Malas, Mehmet Ali

doi:10.1597/10-238

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The convexity and the shape of the fetal face in the sagittal section have minimal change during the third trimester, with only the size of fetal face steadily increasing. In the late trimester, the mandible grows mainly in the width dimension, changing from triangular shape to square shape . Roelfsema et al also found the mandibular forward growth, which was expressed by the decrease in mid‐ to lower facial depth ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective assessment of the fetal facial profile at second and third trimester of pregnancy

Sahota

Poon

et al. 2018

Prenatal Diagnosis

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Objective: To investigate the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of a novel sonographic parameter named facial maxillary angle (FMA) and to establish nomograms of FMA, inferior facial angle (IFA), frontal nasal-mental angle (FNMA), maxilla-nasion-mandible angle (MNMA), and fetal profile line (FPL) in Chinese fetuses. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, FMA, IFA, FNMA, MNMA, and FPL were measured in 592 normal fetuses between 16 and 36 gestational weeks.FMA was measured twice by the same and another operator with a blinded method on the first 50 cases. The reference interval was defined as ±2SD. The efficacy of five sonographic markers was tested in 10 fetuses with micrognathia retrieved from the database of our unit. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (95% CI) of intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of FMA was 0.937 (0.890-0.964) and 0.891 (0.809-0.938), respectively. FMA, FNMA, and IFA increased slightly from 16 weeks till 28-31 weeks and decreased minimally thereafter. FMA and FNMA made correct diagnosis in all affected fetuses; MNMA and IFA identified nine and eight cases respectively, and FPL only detected five cases.Conclusion: A fixed cutoff of 66°for FMA and 136°for FNMA may be adopted as simple screening criteria of micrognathia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective assessment of the fetal facial profile at second and third trimester of pregnancy

Sahota

Poon

et al. 2018

Prenatal Diagnosis

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“…The boundaries of the alveolar arches on the casts were outlined on acetate to get the shapes of the arches (Fig. 2; Esenlik et al, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Evaluation of Craniofacial and Alveolar Arch Structures in Anencephalic Human Fetuses: A Cadaveric Study

Esenlik

Şener

Yılmaz

et al. 2013

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Objective : The aim of the present study was to compare the morphometrics of the craniofacial and alveolar arch structures of anencephalic fetuses with those of normal human fetuses without anencephaly or any other anomaly. Design : Original article. Methods : Standard lateral and posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs of 23 anencephalic and 33 normal human fetuses aged between 21 and 40 weeks of gestation were compared. These fetuses were divided into three periods based on gestational age, and vertical, sagittal, transverse, and angular measurements were taken in the cranial base and facial regions. Moreover, intraoral measurements from the maxillary and mandibular arches were also made to determine the width and depth. Results : N-S and S-Ba lengths and the N-S-Ba angle, measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs, were statistically smaller in anencephalic fetuses (p < .05). The S-N-ANS, S-N-Pg, and ANS-N-Pg angles and the Go-Me length were significantly greater in anencephalic fetuses (p < .05). Maxillary length, ramus length, and anterior facial heights were similar in both groups. On posteroanterior radiographs, all parameters except bigonial distance were found to be smaller in the anencephalic fetuses (p < .05). Maxillary alveolar width was small among anencephalic fetuses in all three periods; whereas, the mandibular alveolar width was narrow only in the third period. Conclusion : Cranial and facial structures were affected morphometrically to various degrees in anencephalic cases. The most significant alterations in anencephalic cases were related to measurements in the transverse direction. This indicated that cephalic tissue influenced not only the cranial base but also all facial structures.

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“…Dichos resultados coinciden con nuestro estudio, puesto que se encontró que conforme aumenta la edad gestacional, regularmente las dimensiones del paladar también aumentan, sin embargo; dicho aumento no genera diferencias significativas en el índice palatino de neonatos pre-término y neonatos a término. Nuestros resultados también coinciden con los estudios de Esenlik et al (2012)18 quienes realizaron un estudio de las dimensiones del paladar en material fetal con edades entre 8-y 40 semanas de gestación y concluyeron que los índice palatal y mandibular, no cambian durante la vida prenatal.…”

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Características métricas del paladar de neonatos nacidos a término y pre-término en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal

Magallanes

Escobedo

Marino³

et al. 2020

Investigación Materno Perinatal

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Objetivo: Determinar las características métricas del paladar en neonatos nacidos a término y pre-término en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (INMP). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de tipo transversal en el INMP en la ciudad de Lima – Perú mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia en 60 neonatos; divididos en dos grupos: 30 neonatos nacidos a término y 30 neonatos nacidos pre-término. El registro del paladar se hizo mediante impresiones con silicona y cubetas de acrílico individualizadas, obteniéndose modelos de estudio con yeso Ortodóncico; dichos modelos fueron llevados a Tomografía Espiral Multicorte, para realizar las mediciones longitudinales, transversales y de profundidad en vistas axiales y sagitales. Resultados: En neonatos pre-término el ancho promedio del paladar fue 26,4 mm, mientras que en los neonatos a término fue 29,5 mm. La profundidad promedio del paladar de los neonatos pre-término es 6,95 mm y en neonatos a término es 7,87mm. El índice palatal promedio en los neonatos pre-término es igual a 0,26 mm y en los neonatos a término es 0,27 mm. El Índice Palatal no presenta diferencias significativas en neonatos a término y pre-término (p=0,785). Conclusiones: La profundidad del paladar en neonatos pre-término es menor que en neonatos a término. Los neonatos a término tienen el paladar más ancho y largo que los neonatos pre-término. El índice palatal es el mismo en neonatos a término y pretérmino y, no es afectado por el género y edad gestacional.

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An Investigation into the Morphometric Developments of the Maxillary and Mandibular Arches during the Fetal Period

Abstract: Data obtained in the study would be useful for clinicians by presenting an objective scale related to the prenatal period as well as being helpful in assessing the development of this region, identifying the anomalies and pathologies, and assisting treatment.

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Objective assessment of the fetal facial profile at second and third trimester of pregnancy

Objective assessment of the fetal facial profile at second and third trimester of pregnancy

Morphometric Evaluation of Craniofacial and Alveolar Arch Structures in Anencephalic Human Fetuses: A Cadaveric Study

Características métricas del paladar de neonatos nacidos a término y pre-término en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal

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