An Investigation into Lubricant Related Poisoning of Automotive Three-Way Catalysts and Lambda Sensors

Brett, Peter; Neville, Adam; Preston, W. H.; Williamson, J.

doi:10.4271/890490

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Automotive exhaust pollution control requires expensive exhaust catalysts, and as a result of government mandates today, these catalysts must remain highly effective for up to 120 000 miles of service. The problem is that it became evident that these catalysts were degraded by phosphorus in the exhaust stream [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Phosphorus and Catalyst Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Additive Chemistry and Its Effects on the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Selby¹,

Bosch

Fee

2005

Journal of ASTM International

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The most widely used and effective anti-wear/anti-oxidation additives in engine oil contain phosphorus that can partially volatilize during engine operation. Unfortunately, volatile phosphorus in the exhaust stream degrades the function of the exhaust catalyst in reducing air pollution. Earlier studies in a special volatility bench test using the Phosphorus Emission Index have shown that phosphorus volatility is not related to engine oil volatility or to phosphorus content in the unused engine oil. At the time, it had been speculated that this unexpected lack of correlation with initial phosphorus concentration could be explained by 1) the effects of other engine oil additives and/or 2) variations in the phosphorus additive chemistry. The first speculation was relatively recently confirmed by taxi fleet studies of catalyst degradation by phosphorus-containing oils by the Ford Motor Company. It remained to determine if differences in phosphorus additive chemistry were also a factor, and this is the subject of the present study.

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Section: Phosphorus and Catalyst Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Additive Chemistry and Its Effects on the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Selby¹,

Bosch

Fee

2005

Journal of ASTM International

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“…These findings are also in agreement with the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results from engine dynamometer-tested samples, as reported by Brett. 16 The sample that had been chemically aged using the method adopted during this study produces mild ageing. Obviously some variables that will also influence the state of the catalyst in vehicle use, such as the presence of lead and the fluctuations in temperature and exhaust flow, are absent.…”

Section: Chemical Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static SIMS studies of catalyst structure and activity

Vickerman¹,

Oakes²,

Gamble

2000

Surf. Interface Anal.

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Static SIMS is now widely accepted as a surface mass spectrometry technique providing surface analysis with a very high degree of chemical precision. Many early catalyst-based studies of adsorption and surface reaction helped to establish this capability. These studies demonstrated the sensitivity of static SIMS to surface chemical structure. However, although the capability of static SIMS to characterize surface chemistry with high precision has great potential in this area, it has not been as widely applied in catalytic studies as might have been expected. By reviewing three very different studies from our own laboratory, this paper illustrates the capability of static SIMS to study the detail of surface reactions at single-crystal metal surfaces, to monitor and investigate the surface chemistry of an auto-exhaust catalyst and to investigate ice-catalysed reactions responsible for ozone depletion in polar stratospheric clouds.

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Automotive Catalyst

2009

Catalytic Air Pollution Control

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An Investigation into Lubricant Related Poisoning of Automotive Three-Way Catalysts and Lambda Sensors

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Phosphorus Additive Chemistry and Its Effects on the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Phosphorus Additive Chemistry and Its Effects on the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Static SIMS studies of catalyst structure and activity

Automotive Catalyst

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