An inventory of heavy metals inputs to agricultural soils in England and Wales

Nicholson, F. A.; Smith, Stephen R.; Alloway, B. J.; Carlton-Smith, C. H.; Chambers, B. J.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00139-6

Cited by 1,025 publications

(580 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Livestock manures are also important sources of soil Zn and Cu pollution. These sources were found to be responsible for an estimated 37% of Zn and 8% of Cu inputs in the agricultural soils in England and Wales (Nicholson et al, 2003). The application of Cu containing pesticides or fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture in agriculture especially in vegetable and fruit production may also be a source of Cu contamination.…”

Section: Multivariate Geostatistical Analysis and Spatial Distributiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

Wang

Qin

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

402

114

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An extensive survey was conducted in this study to determine the spatial distribution and possible sources of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, a representative agricultural suburb in Beijing, China. A total of 412 surface soil samples were collected at a density of one sample per km 2 , and concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn were analyzed. The mean values of the heavy metals were 7.85± 2.13, 0.136 ±0.061, 22.4 ±6.31, 0.073 ±0.049, 20.4 ±5.2, and 69.8 ±16.5 mg kg − 1 for As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn, respectively, slightly higher than their background values of Beijing topsoil with the exception of Pb, but lower than the guideline values of Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soils. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses suggested that soil contamination of Cd, Cu and Zn was mainly derived from agricultural practices. Whereas, As and Pb were due mainly to soil parent materials, and Hg was caused by the atmospheric deposits from Beijing City. The identification of heavy metal sources in agricultural soils is a basis for undertaking appropriate action to protect soil quality.

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Section: Multivariate Geostatistical Analysis and Spatial Distributiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

Wang

Qin

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

402

114

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“…Therefore, the trace element inputs to agricultural land from livestock manure were calculated as follows (Nicholson et al, 2003):…”

Section: Livestock Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to note that leaching of trace elements, as an important way to output, was not considered in the mass balance approach since leaching losses are usually relatively small compared to the total quantities entering the soils (Keller and Schulin, 2003;Nicholson et al, 2003). Statistical analysis of the results was performed in SPSS (version 10.0, SPSS Inc.) using ANOVA (Tukey test, p < 0.05).…”

Section: Total Net Inputs Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2009

Journal of Environmental Management

522

268

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a b s t r a c tIt is important to understand the status and extent of soil contamination with trace elements to make sustainable management strategies for agricultural soils. The inputs of trace elements to agricultural soils via atmospheric deposition, livestock manures, fertilizers and agrochemicals, sewage irrigation and sewage sludge in China were analyzed and an annual inventory of trace element inputs was developed. The results showed that atmospheric deposition was responsible for 43-85% of the total As, Cr, Hg, Ni and Pb inputs, while livestock manures accounted for approximately 55%, 69% and 51% of the total Cd, Cu and Zn inputs, respectively. Among the elements concerned, Cd was a top priority in agricultural soils in China, with an average input rate of 0.004 mg/kg/yr in the plough layer (0-20 cm). Due to the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the sources, the inventory as well as the environmental risks of trace elements in soils varies on a regional scale. For example, sewage sludge and fertilizers (mainly organic and phosphate-based inorganic fertilizers) can also be the predominant sources of trace elements where these materials were excessively applied. This work provides baseline information to develop policies to control and reduce toxic element inputs to and accumulation in agricultural soils.

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“…Kornegay et al (1976) observed that more than 90 % of the Cu in animal diets was lost in the faeces. Manures have become an important source of heavy metals applied to agriculture land, accounting for approximately 40 % of total annual inputs of Zn and Cu to agricultural land and 11 % of Cd inputs (Veeken and Hamelers 2002;Nicholson et al 2003). Veterinary antibiotics are also widely employed to control infections of animals in intensive farming systems (Halling-Sorensen et al 1998;Boxall et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of heavy metals and tetracyclines in agricultural soils after typical land use change in east China

Pan

Chen

et al. 2013

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Land use in east China tends to change from paddy rice to vegetables or other high-value cash crops, resulting in high input rates of organic manures and increased risk of contamination with both heavy metals (HMs) and antibiotics. This investigation was conducted to determine the accumulation, distribution and risks of HMs and tetracyclines (TCs) in surface soils and profiles receiving different amounts of farmyard manure. Soil samples collected from suburbs of Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province were introduced to represent three types of land use change from paddy rice to asparagus production, vineyards and field mustard cultivation, and divided into two portions, one of which was air-dried and sieved through 2-, 0.3-and 0.149-mm nylon mesh for determination of pH and heavy metals. The other portion was frozen at −20°C, freeze-dried and sieved through a 0.3-mm nylon mesh for tetracyline determination. HM and TC concentrations in surface soils of 14-year-old mustard fields were the highest with total Cu, Zn, Cd and ∑TCs of 50.5, 196, 1.03 mgkg −1 and 22.9 μgkg −1 , respectively, on average. The total Cu sequence was field mustard>vineyards>asparagus when duration of land use change was considered; oxytetracycline (OTC) and doxycycline were dominant in soils used for asparagus production; OTC was dominant in vineyards and chlortetracycline (CTC) was dominant in mustard soils. There were positive pollution relationships among Cu, Zn and ∑TCs, especially between Cu and Zn or Cu and ∑TCs. Repeated and excessive application of manures from intensive farming systems may produce combined contamination with HMs and TCs which were found in the top 20 cm of the arable soil profiles and also extended to 20-40 cm depth. Increasing manure application rate and cultivation time led to continuing increases in residue concentrations and movement down the soil profile.

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An inventory of heavy metals inputs to agricultural soils in England and Wales

Cited by 1,025 publications

References 6 publications

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China

Occurrence and distribution of heavy metals and tetracyclines in agricultural soils after typical land use change in east China

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