An introduction to markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-assisted selection for crop improvement: The basic concepts

Collard, B. C. Y.; Jahufer, M. Z. Z.; Brouwer, J. B.; Pang, E. C. K.

doi:10.1007/s10681-005-1681-5

Cited by 1,341 publications

(967 citation statements)

References 196 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…Combining FHB resistance genes and QTL into a single wheat genotype using MAS large populations, and (c) accurate technique used for screening across laboratories. Collard et al (2005) reported that MAS may increase efficiency and effectiveness in plant breeding by combining many genes simultaneously into a single genotype. The most frequently used markers are microsatellite markers and their high level of polymorphism makes them very useful as markers for selection in experimental breeding.…”

Section: Marker-assisted Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

Shah¹,

Ali²,

Zhu³

et al. 2017

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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Shah L., Ali A., Zhu Y., Wang S., Si H., Ma C. (2017): Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 53: 47−54.Wheat, one of the world's major crops, is seriously affected by fungal diseases, especially in regions with high moisture and moderately warm temperatures. This paper reviews various molecular and conventional techniques that are used to identify genotypes with resistance alleles associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) diseases. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) type II, designated as Fhb1, are frequently applied in plant breeding, and the newly recognized genes related to resistance to this fungal disease give extra insights into marker-assisted selection (MAS). Molecular markers are robust tools that may be routinely used in MAS for the mapping of resistance genes in crop breeding. FHB resistance is polygenic, and different resistance genes could be conveyed into a single genotype by MAS, which might ensure greater resistance to FHB disease. In conclusion, different researchers have used various techniques to control FHB resistance, such as MAS, gene pyramiding (through backcross), and molecular markers (association with resistance QTLs or genes).

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Section: Marker-assisted Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

Shah¹,

Ali²,

Zhu³

et al. 2017

CZECH J GENET PLANT

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“…Additionally, greater accuracy in the use of the MAS can be obtained using markers flanking the gene of interest, considering the lower chance of recombination between the markers and the gene of interest (Collard et al, 2005;Collard and MacKill, 2008). Thus, considering the genetic distances (Figure 1) and the simultaneous selection of accessions strategy based on flanking markers, i.e., RME1 and other markers, the selection accuracy is 0.987, 0.993 and 0.994 for RME1 × NS169, RME1 × SSRY28 and RME1 × NS158, respectively (Collard and MacKill, 2008).…”

Section: Analysis Of Parental Diversity Available For Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-assisted selection for resistance to cassava mosaic disease in Manihot esculenta Crantz

Carmo

Silva

Oliveira

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The geminivirus complex known as cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is one of the most devastating viruses for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The aim of this study was to use molecular-assisted selection (MAS) to identify CMD-resistant accessions and ascertain promising crosses with elite Brazilian varieties. One thousand two hundred twenty-four accessions were genotyped using five molecular markers (NS169, NS158, SSRY028, SSRY040 and RME1) that were associated with resistance to CMD, along with 402 SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphism). The promising crosses were identified using a discriminant analysis of main component (DAPC), and the matrix of genomic relationship was estimated with SNP markers. The CMD1 gene, previously described in M. glaziovii, was not found in M. esculenta. In contrast, the CMD2 gene was found in 5, 4 and 5 % of cassava accessions, with flanking markers NS169+RME1, NS158+RME1 and SSRY28+RME1, respectively. Only seven accessions presented all markers linked to the CMD resistance. The DAPC of the seven accessions along with 17 elite cassava varieties led to the formation of three divergent clusters. Potential sources of resistance to CMD were divided into two groups, while the elite varieties were distributed into three groups. The low estimates of the genomic relationship (ranging from -0.167 to 0.681 with an average of 0.076) contributed to the success in identifying contrasting genotypes. The use of MAS in countries where CMD is a quarantine disease constitutes a successful strategy not only for identifying the resistant accessions but also for determining the promising crosses.

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“…Linkage analysis based on the frequency of crossing-over events in segregating populations calculates the genetic distance between markers relative to each other and between markers and genes responsible for qualitatively inherited traits. Thereby, extensive linkage maps have become available for all major crops (Collard et al 2005). QTL analysis tests for trait differences of individuals carrying different patterns of the same marker in order to place gene loci for quantitatively inherited traits on those maps.…”

Section: What Have Markers To Offer?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the mapping position of the marker is known and many parents and their progenies are tested with markers, it is possible to follow chromosome fragments in the pedigrees, thereby identifying fragments conferring 'positive' or 'negative' characteristics (Tuvesson et al 2007). In MAS, the most straightforward application is to select for an allele of a linked marker in order to select for an allele of the linked gene (Collard et al 2005). Several genes contributing to one trait, e.g.…”

Section: What Have Markers To Offer?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of molecular markers and marker assisted selection in breeding for organic agriculture

et al. 2010

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Plant geneticists consider molecular marker assisted selection a useful additional tool in plant breeding programs to make selection more efficient. Standards for organic agriculture do not exclude the use of molecular markers as such, however for the organic sector the appropriateness of molecular markers is not self-evident and is often debated. Organic and low-input farming conditions require breeding for robust and flexible varieties, which may be hampered by too much focus on the molecular level. Pros and contras for application of molecular markers in breeding for organic agriculture was the topic of a recent European plant breeding workshop. The participants evaluated strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the use of molecular markers and we formalized their inputs into breeder's perspectives and perspectives seen from the organic sector's standpoint. Clear strengths were identified, e.g. better knowledge about gene pool of breeding material, more efficient introgression of new resistance genes from wild relatives and testing pyramided genes. There were also common concerns among breeders aiming at breeding for organic and/ or conventional agriculture, such as the increasing competition and cost investments to get access to marker technology, and the need for bridging the gap between phenotyping and genotyping especially with complex and quantitative inherited traits such as nutrient-efficiency. A major conclusion of the authors is that more interaction and mutual understanding between organic and molecular oriented breeders is necessary and can benefit both research communities.

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An introduction to markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-assisted selection for crop improvement: The basic concepts

Cited by 1,341 publications

References 196 publications

Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection

Molecular-assisted selection for resistance to cassava mosaic disease in Manihot esculenta Crantz

The role of molecular markers and marker assisted selection in breeding for organic agriculture

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