An Introduction to Bioactive Natural Products and General Applications

Tijjani, Abdulnasir; Ahmad, Khalil

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54027-2_2

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…In fact, these natural products have bactericidal effects on bacterial pathogens through several mechanisms such as destabilization of the bacterial membrane, inhibition of enzymes produced by bacteria, nucleic acid synthesis inhibition, and suppression of bacterial biofilm formation [ 26 ]. This result is in agreement with the literature since they were selected based on the wide range of their pharmacological properties including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities [ 27 ]. Similarly, all the investigated antibiotics and natural products showed antibiofilm activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Antibiotic‐Potentiating Effect of Some Bioactive Natural Products against Planktonic Cells, Biofilms, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Chimi,

Bisso,

Njateng

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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Background. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes infections that are mediated by both virulence factor production and biofilm formation. In addition, many antibiotics are increasingly losing their efficacy due to the development of resistance. The screening of potentially bioactive natural compounds that have both antivirulence and antibiofilm activities to enhance antibiotic efficacy and reverse antibiotic resistance is a good strategy to overcome these issues. In this study, the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence factor activities of some bioactive natural products in combination with conventional antibiotics were evaluated against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Methods. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. The checkerboard method was used to evaluate the combination interactions. Spectrophotometric and agar plate techniques were used to assess the effect of the combination on the pyocyanin production and the motility in P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strain. Results. Out of the eighteen combinations tested, ten exhibited synergistic effects against planktonic cells, seven against biofilm inhibition, and five against the eradication of mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa biofilm. The best synergistic effect was the association of amikacin and sinapic acid against planktonic cells ( FICI = 0.08 ) with a 70-fold reduction in the MIC value of amikacin. The same combination showed significant synergistic inhibition of biofilm formation ( FICI = 0.1 ) and biofilm eradication ( FICI = 0.15 ) reducing the MBIC and MBEC of amikacin by 32-fold. Some selected synergistic combinations showed statistically significant differences ( p < 0.01 or p < 0.001 ) in the inhibition of virulence factors compared to the antimicrobials alone. Conclusion. In summary, this study revealed sinapic acid as an antibiotic adjuvant and antivirulence compound to overcome P. aeruginosa infections. This finding indicates that the combinations of amikacin plus sinapic acid, ceftazidime plus thymol, and norfloxacin plus curcumin could be considered promising candidates for the development of combination therapies targeting virulence factors against P. aeruginosa infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Antibiotic‐Potentiating Effect of Some Bioactive Natural Products against Planktonic Cells, Biofilms, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Chimi,

Bisso,

Njateng

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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“…Plants possess several secondary metabolites like phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, coumarins, saponins, terpenoids, triterpenoids, glycosides and organic acids which affect the biological system in different ways [20]. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds of natural occurrence produced by plants that are largely consumed for therapeutic purposes.…”

Section: Plants and Thyroid Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Therapeutic Role of Plant-derived Medicines in Thyroid Dysfunction

Jabeen

2021

AJBSR

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Endocrine disorders are very common in Asia of which the thyroid dysfunction (TD) represents a major subset. The prevalence of TD is rising to an alarming rate. The thyroid gland (TG) is morphologically a butterfly-shaped organ, located anterior to the trachea, just inferior to the larynx and flanked by wing-shaped left and right lobes with the medial region called isthmus. TG produces thyroid hormones (TH), mainly triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). TH action is mediated by multiple TH receptors belonging to a nuclear receptor superfamily that also includes receptors for other small lipophilic hormones. TH receptors function by binding to specific TH-responsive sequences in promoters of target genes and by regulating transcription. Regulation of TH is followed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. TD can be due to overproduction or under production of TH; i.e. hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism respectively. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by weight loss, heat intolerance, palpitation, increased sweating, warm soft skin, increased heart rate and blood pressure. Whereas; in hypothyroidism, the facial expressions become dull, the voice becomes husky, speech is slow, the eyes and face become puffy. Hormone replacement therapy has been a standard approach to TD. However, herbal approach for the treatment of thyroid dysfunction is gaining popularity as it is proved to be effective, safe and devoid of any or at least lesser side effects. According to the world health organization (WHO), about three-quarters of the world population depends upon natural remedies, including herbal medicine. Plants possess several secondary metabolites like phenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, coumarins, saponins, terpenoids, triterpenoids, glycosides and organic acids, which affect thyroid dysfunction by different mechanisms. Therefore, this review aims to provide comprehensive information regarding various herbal drugs used in the management of thyroid dysfunction.

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“…Decoction of P. caerulea is used as a mild antimicrobial agent in the folk medicine of Argentina [11]. Additionally, some recent studies have revealed the anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, spasmolytic, anticonvulsant, analgesic and antioxidant effects of extracts from leaves or entre aerial parts [6,12,13]. The fruit extracts show anticonvulsant activity, improvement of cognitive function, oxidative damage reduction and cholinergic neurotransmission activation [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Profile of Leaves and Pulp of Passiflora caerulea L. (Bulgaria) and Their Biological Activities

Gerasimova,

Nikolova,

Petkova

et al. 2024

Plants

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At present, there are no data in the scientific literature on studies aimed at characterizing Passiflora caerulea L. growing in Bulgaria. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic profile and elemental composition of the leaves and pulp of this Passiflora, as well as to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of its leaf and pulp extracts. The results showed that the pulp predominantly contained the essential amino acid histidine (7.81 mg g−1), while it was absent in the leaves, with the highest concentration being tryptophan (8.30 mg g−1). Of the fatty acids, palmitoleic acid predominated both in the pulp and in the leaves. A major sterol component was β-sitosterol. Fructose (7.50%) was the predominant sugar in the pulp, while for the leaves, it was glucose—1.51%. Seven elements were identified: sodium, potassium, iron, magnesium, manganese, copper and zinc. The highest concentrations of K and Mg were in the pulp (23,946 mg kg−1 and 1890 mg kg−1) and leaves (36,179 mg kg−1 and 5064 mg kg−1). According to the DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods, the highest values for antioxidant activity were found in 70% ethanolic extracts of the leaves, while for the ABTS method, the highest value was found in 50% ethanolic extracts. In the pulp, for all four methods, the highest values were determined at 50% ethanolic extracts. Regarding the antibacterial activity, the 50% ethanolic leaf extracts were more effective against the Gram-positive bacteria. At the same time, the 70% ethanolic leaf extract was more effective against Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076. The leaf extracts exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity than the extracts prepared from the pulp. The obtained results revealed that P. caerulea is a plant that can be successfully applied as an active ingredient in various nutritional supplements or cosmetic products.

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An Introduction to Bioactive Natural Products and General Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 175 publications

Antibiotic‐Potentiating Effect of Some Bioactive Natural Products against Planktonic Cells, Biofilms, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antibiotic‐Potentiating Effect of Some Bioactive Natural Products against Planktonic Cells, Biofilms, and Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Insight into Therapeutic Role of Plant-derived Medicines in Thyroid Dysfunction

Metabolic Profile of Leaves and Pulp of Passiflora caerulea L. (Bulgaria) and Their Biological Activities

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