An introduction to Bayesian methods for analyzing chemistry data

Hibbert, David Brynn; Armstrong, N.

doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2009.03.009

Cited by 43 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…Bayesian modeling is increasingly used in many fields, from chemistry (Hibbert and Armstrong, 2009 ) to astrophysics (Loredo, 1992 ), from economy (Poirier, 2006 ) to genetics (Beaumont and Rannala, 2004 ). This increasingly widespread use has even prompted some to call it a “Bayesian revolution” (Beaumont and Rannala, 2004 ).…”

Section: A Bayesian Model Of Pitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three principles of action: a Pavlovian-instrumental transfer hypothesis

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Puglisi-Allegra

Baldassarre

2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Pavlovian conditioned stimuli can influence instrumental responding, an effect called Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT). During the last decade, PIT has been subdivided into two types: specific PIT and general PIT, each having its own neural substrates. Specific PIT happens when a conditioned stimulus (CS) associated with a reward enhances an instrumental response directed to the same reward. Under general PIT, instead, the CS enhances a response directed to a different reward. While important progress has been made into identifying the neural substrates, the function of specific and general PIT and how they interact with instrumental responses are still not clear. In the experimental paradigm that distinguishes specific and general PIT an effect of PIT inhibition has also been observed and is waiting for an explanation. Here we propose an hypothesis that links these three PIT effects (specific PIT, general PIT and PIT inhibition) to three aspects of action evaluation. These three aspects, which we call “principles of action”, are: context, efficacy, and utility. In goal-directed behavior, an agent has to evaluate if the context is suitable to accomplish the goal, the efficacy of his action in getting the goal, and the utility of the goal itself: we suggest that each of the three PIT effects is related to one of these aspects of action evaluation. In particular, we link specific PIT with the estimation of efficacy, general PIT with the evaluation of utility, and PIT inhibition with the adequacy of context. We also provide a latent cause Bayesian computational model that exemplifies this hypothesis. This hypothesis and the model provide a new framework and new predictions to advance knowledge about PIT functioning and its role in animal adaptation.

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Section: A Bayesian Model Of Pitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three principles of action: a Pavlovian-instrumental transfer hypothesis

Cartoni

Puglisi-Allegra

Baldassarre

2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…Bayesian methods of statistical calibration are well-established [15] and are becoming increasing popular in analysis of chemical data [16,17] including ISEs [18]. In many cases, the Bayesian method is still used in a standard optimization setting, where only point estimates and the calibration parameters, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Methods for Ion Selective Electrodes

et al. 2012

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With the increasing use of ion-selective electrodes in environmental and health applications, it is important to know the precision of estimated concentrations. A Bayesian model for non-linear calibration is introduced which provides estimates of measurement precision by incorporating uncertainty in calibration parameters and inherent random noise in emf response. The analysis of lead in 17 soil samples demonstrates that large gains in precision are possible when calibrations are extended to include multiple electrodes and standard addition data. The results highlight the need for improved calibration and routine use of standard addition as ion selective electrodes become increasingly popular for demanding, real world applications.

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“…The threshold (see the horizontal dotted line in Fig. 4) for each class was obtained by using the Bayes theorem 38 and respective data. The classication was 100% correct for all brands in the training and test sets, for i ¼ 32 and i ¼ 24 (four LVs).…”

Section: Supervised Methods (Knn Simca Pls-da and Svm-da)mentioning

confidence: 99%