An interview study of human relationships in effective infantry rifle squads

Leader indulgence and group performance.

“…Consequently, there would have been some basis for expecting the authoritarianism of the leader or men to be negatively correlated with performance. For the groups in Study A, Havron, Greer, and Galanter (1952) reported SLs of effective squads were more intelligent than leaders of ineffective squads; there was no difference between men of the effective and ineffective squads on intelligence. In Study D there was no relationship between a measure of intelligence and the authoritarianism of leaders.…”

“…Criterion RSFP scores reflected the performance of both the SL and squad men. However, there was no overlapping in separate scores between the "effective" and "ineffective" squads for leader scores or group scores (Havron, Greer, & Galanter, 1952), At the time of the research, the Army infantry rifle squad consisted of nine men : a leader, an assistant, a two-man automatic rifle team, and five riflemen. As the basic unit of the infantry the squad closes with and attempts to overcome the enemy.…”

“…Moreover, bickering and conflicts among group members could detract from group performance. Havron, Greer, and Galanter (1952) found effective performance associated with groups whose members perceived themselves as sharing the same interests. Cohesiveness and field performance were positively correlated for squads used in Study B (Greer, 1955).…”

“…Consequently, when simply the number of sociometric responses, regardless of whether the)' were choices or rejections, received by the SL was correlated with RSFP scores a statistically significant positive relationship was found. Havron, Greer, and Galanter (1952) tested the hypothesis that there would be a positive relationship between the SL as a taskmaster and squad performance. It was difficult to devise questions in this area that the respondent might not perceive and, consequently, answer in terms of PS items.…”

A Comparison of Multivariate Outlier Detection Methods For Finding Hyperspectral Anomalies

“…The second approach we devised in order to account for the observed phenomena made overt reference to these processes. Informal evidence, and objective investigations such as the FIGHTER 1 study conducted by the US (Egbert et al, 1957 andHarrison et al, 1953), suggest that before the event one cannot forecast with absolute confidence how an individual will perform in live combat. Initial screening, selection and promotion cannot therefore be conducted directly in terms of Warfighting Resolve, but rather in terms of some complex military attribute that is imperfectly correlated with it.…”