An Intervention Involving Traditional Birth Attendants and Perinatal and Maternal Mortality in Pakistan

Jokhio, Abdul Hakeem; Winter, Heather; Cheng, Kar Keung

doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000180846.66773.d4

Cited by 48 publications

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“…We included four cluster-randomised trials in the analyses along with two individually randomised trials. All of the cluster trials used an appropriate method of analysis to handle the cluster level by either calculating an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (Azad 2010;Carlo 2010) or by using multilevel modelling to adjust for cluster randomisation Jokhio 2005). We calculated effect sizes using the inverse variance method described in the Handbook (Section 16.3.3).…”

Section: Incorrect Statistical Methods (Unit Of Analysis Error)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in one study (Jokhio 2005), the improvements involved staff training in essential and emergency obstetric care and clinical outreach by team physicians. Two study interventions focused on breastfeeding: one highlighted initiation of early exclusive breastfeeding and the introduction of weaning foods (Hossain 2000), while the other intervention emphasised initiation of early suckling before placental delivery to reduce post-partum blood loss (Bullough 1989).…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions-In two studies, the authors categorised TBAs targeted by interventions as 'untrained' TBAs (Hossain 2000;Jokhio 2005). However, in one of these studies, the large majority of TBAs in both the intervention and control groups had received some prior biomedical training through government or non-governmental organisations, or both; for example, 97% of the intervention group TBAs and70% of the control group TBAs in the Bangladesh study (Hossain 2000) had received prior training.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the remaining study (Bullough 1989), all TBAs received some prior biomedical training (see Characteristics of included studies table). In four studies, the interventions consisted of educational instruction in management of normal delivery, timely detection and referral of women and/or newborns with complications, as well as importance of linking women to essential obstetric care services (Azad 2010;Carlo 2010;Jokhio 2005). …”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants-Participants included traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and lactating mothers living in the intervention and control areas (Hossain 2000), pregnant women living in the intervention and control clusters identified, recruited and followed through the postpartum and/or postnatal periods (Azad 2010;Carlo 2010;Jokhio 2005), and women recently delivered by and/or referred to a health facility by TBAs (Bullough 1989;. See 'Characteristics of TBAs' (Table 1) and 'Characteristics of women' (Table 2) for available social and demographic information about the study populations.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable development goals (SDGs) have set the 2030 agenda to transform our world by tackling multiple challenges humankind is facing to ensure well‐being, economic prosperity, and environmental protection. In contrast to conventional development agendas focusing on a restricted set of dimensions, the SDGs provide a holistic and multidimensional view on development. Hence, interactions among the SDGs may cause diverging results. To analyze the SDG interactions we systematize the identification of synergies and trade‐offs using official SDG indicator data for 227 countries. A significant positive correlation between a pair of SDG indicators is classified as a synergy while a significant negative correlation is classified as a trade‐off. We rank synergies and trade‐offs between SDGs pairs on global and country scales in order to identify the most frequent SDG interactions. For a given SDG, positive correlations between indicator pairs were found to outweigh the negative ones in most countries. Among SDGs the positive and negative correlations between indicator pairs allowed for the identification of particular global patterns. SDG 1 (No poverty) has synergetic relationship with most of the other goals, whereas SDG 12 (Responsible consumption and production) is the goal most commonly associated with trade‐offs. The attainment of the SDG agenda will greatly depend on whether the identified synergies among the goals can be leveraged. In addition, the highlighted trade‐offs, which constitute obstacles in achieving the SDGs, need to be negotiated and made structurally nonobstructive by deeper changes in the current strategies.

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This paper raises questions about the impacts of one of India's most ambitious cash conditional transfer programs, Janani Suraksha Yojana. It incorporates the perspectives of a practitioner working on maternal health issues and discusses the importance of considering alternative explanations as part of any patterns of observed results. It argues for exploring the impacts of interventions on the most vulnerable and marginalized as an essential aspect of an equity evaluation and for exploring impacts on inequities from a human rights lens. It also discusses some of the core competencies that might be needed for evaluations of equity initiatives.

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An Intervention Involving Traditional Birth Attendants and Perinatal and Maternal Mortality in Pakistan

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Traditional Birth Attendant Training for Improving Health Behaviours and Pregnancy Outcomes

Traditional Birth Attendant Training for Improving Health Behaviours and Pregnancy Outcomes

A Systematic Study of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Interactions

The Challenge of Evaluating Equity in Health: Experiences from India's Maternal Health Program

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