An Interpretive Phenomenological Study of Older Entrepreneurs in Pakistan

Usman, Muhammad; Luo, Fan; Haq, Muhammad Anwar ul

doi:10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n2s1p290

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Other scholars chose non-European countries. Rogoff (2007), for example, investigated the phenomenon in the United States, Jamil et al (2014) analysed the case in Malaysia, Usman et al (2016) analysed Pakistan, and Maritz (2015) investigated the phenomenon in Australia. However -to the knowledge of the author -a study about grey entrepreneurship in Italy is still missing, which is why this research focuses only on the Italian context.…”

Section: Methodology Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As already said, some scholars call them older entrepreneurs (Curran & Blackburn, 2001;Karoly & Zissimopoulos, 2004;Zissimopoulos & Karoly, 2007;Kerr & Armstrong-Stassen, 2011;Small, 2012;Zolin, 2015;Usman et al, 2016), while other scholars label them as grey entrepreneurs (Weber & Schaper, 2004;Botham & Graves, 2009) or senior entrepreneurs (Kautonen, 2013;Maritz, 2015). Even if some differences emerge between the above groups (Baucus & Human, 1994;Blackburn et al, 2000;Weber & Schaper, 2004), they are synonymous in this paper.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several scholars (Kautonen et al, 2008;Usman et al, 2016) proposed using a framework that included push and pull factors to test the entrepreneurial intentions of grey entrepreneurs. Pull factors are those that positively affect a phenomenon, while push factors negatively affect it.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework and Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grey vs. Young Entrepreneurs: Are They Really That Different in Terms of Entrepreneurial Intentions? Empirical Evidence from Italy

Matricano¹

2018

IJBM

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In the past, entrepreneurship was considered a young person's endeavour, since it was a working choice made after graduation. Social and demographic changes occurring over the last decades have totally modified that assumption so that entrepreneurship is now a phenomenon involving third age people (aged 55 or older) as well. Scholars have started investigating the differences between young and grey entrepreneurs. This topic of research has always been considered halfway between psychological and social studies on the one hand and entrepreneurial studies on the other. Without denying the relevance that psychological and social studies have in the field of entrepreneurship, in the present paper the phenomenon of grey entrepreneurship is only investigated according to an entrepreneurial perspective. Thus, predictors of entrepreneurial intentions are only rooted in entrepreneurial literature and refer to intellectual capital. The results, based on data retrieved from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) website for Italy in 2013, indicate that grey and young entrepreneurs are not that different regarding intellectual capital affecting their entrepreneurial intentions. This result enriches previous literature about grey entrepreneurs.

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Section: Methodology Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grey vs. Young Entrepreneurs: Are They Really That Different in Terms of Entrepreneurial Intentions? Empirical Evidence from Italy

Matricano¹

2018

IJBM

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“…However, very little is known about the nature and antecedents of post-retirement career trajectories within a developing country such as Pakistan, which is also facing the challenge of the aging population phenomenon [4]. Some studies have partly explored the avenue of elderly employment in Pakistan only from the perspective of senior entrepreneurship [15]. However, the case of post-retirement career trajectories and the underlying involvement of socioeconomic factors is unexplored for Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemplating the Antecedents of a Sustainable Work Life in an Emerging Economy: Lessons from Early Retirees in the ICT Sector of Pakistan

Hanif

Shao

2018

Sustainability

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Sustainable careers at present are characterized by elements of both planned and unplanned career transitions traversed over the entire life course. Planned career transitions involve voluntary departure from the routine career while unplanned career displacements come in the form of involuntary retirement decisions resulting from the job-cuts imposed by organizations. Involuntarily-displaced workers are challenged with threats, such as an unwelcoming job-market, depleted skillsets and potential obsolescence which results in limited employability. For developed nations, extant research has investigated to a reasonable extent this budding avenue of post-retirement career decision making and its dependency on various micro-level socioeconomic determinants. However, the same avenue is, as yet, unexplored for developing economies. In an endeavor to fill this gap, the present research is undertaken to study different post-retirement career trajectories chosen by middle-aged and elderly workers after a job loss from the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Pakistan. We employ the technique of multinomial logistic regression on data obtained from 295 early displaced workers (M = 217, F = 78) to compare different retirement decisions in the light of various socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender and specific measures of human, social and financial capital and risk-taking ability. Age, gender and health status are observed to be major deterrents to sustainable career participation while technical qualification helps to sustain reemployment opportunities. Our research offers notable contributions to the realm of sustainable career development by identifying the factors which influence workers’ employability for sustainable workforce participation. Managerial and theoretical implications are discussed followed by conclusions and research limitations.

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An Interpretive Phenomenological Study of Older Entrepreneurs in Pakistan

Abstract: What are the factors that lead an individual to be self-employed after retirement, and what factors help or hinder the transformation of entrepreneurial intentions into practical reality

Cited by 2 publications

References 68 publications

Grey vs. Young Entrepreneurs: Are They Really That Different in Terms of Entrepreneurial Intentions? Empirical Evidence from Italy

Grey vs. Young Entrepreneurs: Are They Really That Different in Terms of Entrepreneurial Intentions? Empirical Evidence from Italy

Contemplating the Antecedents of a Sustainable Work Life in an Emerging Economy: Lessons from Early Retirees in the ICT Sector of Pakistan

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