An Interphasic Region between Nitrocellulose and Nitroguanidine in triple base propellant

Abstract

Em Mischphasen-Bereich zwischen Nitrocellulose und Nitroguanidin in dreibasigen Treibstoffen Es wird zum ersten Ma1 der Beweis erbracht fiir die Existenz eines Mischphasen-Bereichs in der Nitroglyceriflitrocellulose-Matrix, der unmittelbar den kristallinen Fullstoff Nitroguanidin in dreibasigen Treibstoffen umhullt. Dieser Mischphasen-Bereich verursacht eine Anomalie in der thermischen Ausdehnung und im mechanischen Relaxationsverhalten im Vergleich zu der Kompakt-Matrix Nitroglycerin/Nitrocellulose im Treibstoff. Der Mischphasen-Bereich erklart das ungewohnliche Verhalten in der thermischen Ausdehnung von dreibasigen Treibstoffen, wenn diese lange, nadelformige Nitroguanidin-Kristalle enthalten. Ein Mischphasen-Bereich tritt bei ahnlichen Treibstoffen nicht auf, wenn der Fullstoff Nitroguanidin ersetzt wird durch kristallines RDX. Damit wird der Mischphasen-Bereich als Bestatigung angesehen fur eine signifikante Wechselwirkung nvischen Binder und Nitroguanidin. Folgerungen fur die Lebensdauer von Munition, die sich aus der Existenz einer separaten polymeren Mischphase ergeben, werden diskutiert anhand des thermischen und des Relaxations-Verhaltens der Mischphasen-Grenzflache Binderlkristalliner Fiillstoff. Une phase de solution solide entre la nitrocellulose et la nitroguanidine dans les propergols a triple base

Crystal Structures of the Commonly Used Plasticizers Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate, Diethylene Glycol Dinitrate, and Triethylene Glycol Dinitrate─Characterization and Discussion of Their Structural Behavior

“…The NMR spectral recordings of 1 H, 13 C, and 14 N NMR were commissioned using a Bruker AVANCE 400 MHz instrument. For this purpose, samples of all compounds were dissolved in acetone-d 6 .…”

“…Triple-base (TB) propellants are mixtures of NC, NG, and nitroguanidine (NQ) . In this case, NQ is not absorbed in the NC/NG mixture but is imbedded as a fine powder in the double-base propellant gelled mixture . The addition of NQ is mainly to compensate the high impact sensitivity of the NC/NG mixture and at the same time to increase the thermal stability .…”

“…12 In this case, NQ is not absorbed in the NC/NG mixture but is imbedded as a fine powder in the doublebase propellant gelled mixture. 13 The addition of NQ is mainly to compensate the high impact sensitivity of the NC/NG mixture and at the same time to increase the thermal stability. 1 There are also other components that are added to propellant mixtures to adjust the properties as desired.…”

Insensitive High Explosives: V. Ballistic Properties and Vulnerability of Nitroguanidine Based Propellants

“…Though nitroguanidine and FOX‐12 are similar insensitive energetic materials, NGu, by virtue of its fibrous nature, is also able to impart mechanical rigidity into a composite propellant grain as has been found by Fong and Warren by the elucidation of an interphasic region between NGu and nitrocellulose. This yields a unique low mechanical sensitiveness of M30 gun propellant when compared with those propellants containing other non fibrous energetic fillers [123]. In addition, the high aspect ratio of NGu crystals through orientation of the fibres along the axis of extrusion [68] also adds to the reduced impact sensitiveness of this propellant [124–127].…”

Study on Improving Low‐Temperature Mechanical Properties of Nitroguanidine Propellant by Triethanolamine

“…This is due the interface between the filler NQ crystals and the polymer propellant matrix. It is proved that there exists an interphasic region between the crystal and the matrix, which displays anomalous thermal expansion and mechanical relaxation behavior [2]. In the structure of NQ propellant, NQ crystals are in contact with the homogeneous propellant matrix by the kneading force and the extrusion pressure during the propellant manufacturing process.…”