An intermittent mode of formation for the trace fossilCruzianaas a serial repetition ofRusophycus: the case ofCruziana tenella(Linnarsson )

Kesidis, Giannis; Budd, Graham E.; Jensen, Søren Rosendal

doi:10.1111/let.12303

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Sedimentary structures point towards deposition being largely in the offshore to lower shoreface, influenced by storms and possibly tidally driven wave action [32]. Certain sandstone bed surfaces of the MSM preserve an extraordinary range of trace fossils, including trilobite hunting traces [33], constructional stages of Cruziana [34] and well-preserved examples of treptichnids.…”

Section: Exceptional Trace/body Fossil Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates

et al. 2019

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The fossilized traces of burrowing worms have taken on a considerable importance in studies of the Cambrian explosion, partly because of their use in defining the base of the Cambrian. Foremost among these are the treptichnids, a group of relatively large open probing burrows that have sometimes been assigned to the activities of priapulid scalidophoran worms. Nevertheless, most Cambrian burrows have an uncertain progenitor. Here we report a suite of exceptionally preserved trace and body fossils from sandstones of the lower Cambrian (Stage 4) File Haidar Formation of southern Sweden that can unequivocally be assigned to a scalidophoran producer. We further present the first burrow casts produced via actualistic experiments on living priapulids, and demonstrate the remarkable morphological parallels between these modern and Cambrian fossil equivalents. In addition, co-occurrence of scalidophoran-derived cuticular remains permits a unique synthesis of evidence from trace fossil, body and organic remains. Comparative analysis of these exceptionally preserved fossils supports a scalidophoran producer for treptichnids and by extension suggests a latest Ediacaran origin of the ecdysozoan clade.

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Section: Exceptional Trace/body Fossil Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates

et al. 2019

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“…4e). In particular, the concatenation of truncated morphotype 1 specimens can be compared with the gradation between R. eutendorfensis and the resultant C. tenella generated by repeated, partially overlapping R. eutendorfensis segments 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace fossil evidence for infaunal moulting in a Middle Devonian non-trilobite euarthropod

Mángano

Ortega‐Hernández

Piñuela

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Trace fossils represent the primary source of information on the evolution of animal behaviour through deep time, and provide exceptional insights into complex life strategies that would be otherwise impossible to infer from the study of body parts alone. Here, we describe unusual trace fossils found in marginal-marine, storm- and river-flood deposits from the Middle Devonian Naranco Formation of Asturias (northern Spain) that constitute the first evidence for infaunal moulting in a non-trilobite euarthropod. The trace fossils are preserved in convex hyporelief, and include two main morphological variants that reflect a behavioural continuum. Morphotype 1 consists of a structure that superficially resembles a Rusophycus with an oval outline that possesses a distinctly three lobed axis with an elevated central ridge and regularly spaced transverse furrows that convey the appearance of discrete body segments. The anterior part is the most irregular region of the structure, and it is not always recorded. Morphotype 2 displays more elongated, tubular morphology. Careful observation, however, reveals that it comprises up to three successive morphotype 1 specimens organised in a linear fashion and partially truncating each other. Trilobate morphology and effaced transverse furrows are locally evident, but the predominant morphological feature is the continuous, elevated ridge. The detailed morphology of morphotype 1 and well-preserved, discrete segments of morphotype 2 closely resemble the dorsal exoskeleton of the enigmatic late Carboniferous euarthropod Camptophyllia, suggesting the possible affinities of the producer. Comparisons with patterns of Devonian phacopid trilobite exuviation suggest that the Naranco Formation trace fossils may have been produced by the infaunal activities of an euarthropod that anchored its dorsal exoskeleton in the firm sediment during the body inversion moult procedure. Our findings expand the phylogenetic and environmental occurrence of infaunal moulting in Palaeozoic euarthropods, and suggest a defensive strategy against predation, previously only known from trilobites preserved in open-marine deposits.

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“…Such ridges are generally only visible in well-preserved specimens in fine-grained sediment. A particularly rich Cambrian material is known from the Mickwitzia Sandstone, File Haidar Formation, Sweden (Jensen, 1997;Kesidis et al, 2019). C. tenella on the slabs is short, approaching Rusophycus in length vs. width ratio, while those collected in float (Fig.…”

Section: Ichnogenus Cruziana D'orbigny 1842mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace fossils from the Upper Member of the Duolbagáisá Formation (Cambrian Series 2–Miaolingian), northern Norway, with the first diverse Cambrian record of Halimedides

Novis¹,

Jensen²,

Høyberget³

et al. 2022

NJG

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New information is provided on trace fossils from the Cambrian Series 2 to Miaolingian in the Upper Member of the Duolbagáisá Formation of northern Norway. This includes the first rich Cambrian material of Halimedides, a trace fossil with more or less regularly spaced swellings of different shapes connected by a median string. It is known principally from Mesozoic and younger deep-sea deposits, with a scarce Paleozoic record, making this one of the oldest occurrences of this ichnogenus. Other trace fossils occurring with Halimedides include the rare Bergaueria sucta, Palaeophycus imbricatus and Cruziana tenella. Psammichnites gigas and Syringomorpha nilssoni are documented photographically for the first time from this unit. The trace fossil association shows general similarity with that of the slightly older Mickwitzia Sandstone Member of southern Sweden and suggests a broad distribution of late early Cambrian trace-fossil producers across Baltica.

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An intermittent mode of formation for the trace fossilCruzianaas a serial repetition ofRusophycus: the case ofCruziana tenella(Linnarsson )

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates

Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates

Trace fossil evidence for infaunal moulting in a Middle Devonian non-trilobite euarthropod

Trace fossils from the Upper Member of the Duolbagáisá Formation (Cambrian Series 2–Miaolingian), northern Norway, with the first diverse Cambrian record of Halimedides

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