An Intercomparison of Measurement Methods for Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Ambient Air in New York City

Venkatachari, Prasanna; Zhou, Liming; Hopke, Philip K.; Schwab, James J.; Demerjian, Kenneth L.; Weimer, S.; Hogrefe, Olga; Felton, Dirk; Rattigan, Oliver V.

doi:10.1080/02786820500380289

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Further details on the method can be found elsewhere (Turpin and Huntzicker 1995). Based on the measured OC and EC, the upper bound of the primary OC/EC ratio was found to be 1.3 (Venkatachari et al 2006), and was used to calculate SOC. Figure 3 shows the scatter plots of the estimated SOC concentrations and the corresponding particulate ROS concentrations for the sampling intervals.…”

Section: Ros-soc Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Wintertime Reactive Oxygen Species Concentrations in Flushing, New York

Venkatachari

Hopke

Brune

et al. 2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

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One of the main hypotheses for the species causing the observed health effects of ambient particulate matter is peroxides and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, there is currently very little data available on the concentrations of particle-bound ROS or their behavior in different physical locations and seasons. The concentrations of particle-bound ROS were determined for various size fractions of the aerosol, ranging from 10 nm to 18 μm, in Flushing, New York during the period of January and early February 2004. Sampling was carried out at 3-hour intervals using a MOUDI TM cascade impactor. The collected particles were treated with the non-fluorescent probe dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) that fluoresces when oxidized by the presence of ROS. The measured fluorescent intensities were converted into equivalent hydrogen peroxide concentrations, which were used as indicators of ROS reactivity, by calibrations using H 2 O 2 standards. Diurnal profiles of the ROS concentrations were obtained. Correlations of the particulate ROS concentrations with the intensity of photochemical reaction, estimated secondary organic carbon (SOC) and gas phase OH and HO 2 radical concentrations were explored. The intensity of photochemical reactions and gas phase radical concentrations were found to be moderate factors affecting particulate ROS concentrations. The concentrations of ROS were found to be higher in the submicron size particles of the ambient aerosol.

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Section: Ros-soc Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Wintertime Reactive Oxygen Species Concentrations in Flushing, New York

Venkatachari

Hopke

Brune

et al. 2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…39 Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays an important role in atmospheric haze, visibility, climate, and human health, and the estimation of the contribution of SOA to the total ambient aerosol OC (TOC) is essential to the shaping of effective control strategies for particulate matter. 40 However, the typical method for estimating SOC is based on the measurement of OC/ EC ratio. For example, Turpin and Huntzicker 41 assumed: SOC = TOC -EC Â (OC/EC) primary , where (OC/EC) primary is the ratio for primary source emissions.…”

Section: 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonizing Aerosol Carbon Measurements between Two Conventional Thermal/Optical Analysis Methods

Zhi

Chen

Sun

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Although total carbon (TC) can be consistently quantified by various aerosol carbon measurement methods, the demarcation of TC into organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) has long been inconsistent. The NIOSH and IMPROVE protocols are most widely used for thermal/optical analysis (TOA), but current knowledge rests in the description that the NIOSH protocol usually gives lower EC values than does the IMPROVE protocol. This study seeks to explore the possibility of quantitatively linking the difference between the two TOA protocols. Residential coal-burning samples that had been collected and analyzed following the NIOSH protocol in previous studies were directly reanalyzed following the IMPROVE protocol for this study. A comparison of each pair of NIOSH and IMPROVE EC values reveals the dynamic relation between the two protocols, which can be expressed as a regression equation, y = (1-x)/(1 þ 4.86x2 ) (R 2 = 0.96), where the independent x is the EC/TC ratio (R EC/TC ) for the IMPROVE protocol, and the dependent y is the difference between IMPROVE and NIOSH R EC/TC relative to IMPROVE R EC/ TC . This regression equation may be the first effort in formulating the relationship between the two TOA protocols, and it is very helpful in harmonizing inconsistent TOA measurements, for example, source characterization, ambient monitoring, and atmospheric modeling.

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“…A Sharp-Cut Cyclone SCC1.829 (BGI Inc., NJ, USA) was used as the PM2.5 inlet. The BC concentration measured using an aethalometer based on the rate of absorption of incident light (880 nm) by BC shows reasonable agreement with elemental carbon (EC) measured using the thermal-optical method [34,35]. The flow rate of the aethalometer was 5.0 L min -1 , and the time resolution was set to 15 min.…”

Section: Black Carbon Aerosol Number and Mass Sulfate Ion Concentramentioning

confidence: 93%

Monthly and Diurnal Variation of the Concentrations of Aerosol Surface Area in Fukuoka, Japan, Measured by Diffusion Charging Method

Kiriya¹,

Okuda²,

Yamazaki³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Observation of the ambient aerosol surface area concentrations is important to understand the aerosol toxicity because an increased surface area may be able to act as an enhanced reaction interface for certain reactions between aerosol particles and biological cells, as well as an augmented carrier surface for co-pollutants. In this study, the concentration of aerosol surface area was measured from April 2015 to March 2016 in Fukuoka, Japan. We investigated the monthly and diurnal variations in the correlations between the aerosol surface area and black carbon (BC) and sulfate concentrations. Throughout the year, aerosol surface area concentration was strongly correlated with the concentrations of BC, which has relatively large surface area since BC particles are usually submicron agglomerates consisting of much smaller (tens of nanometers) sized primary soot particles. The slopes of the regression between the aerosol surface area and BC concentrations was highest in August and September 2015. This appears to have been the results of an increase in the proportion of the airmass that originated on the main islands of Japan. This may enhance the introduction of the BC from the main islands of Japan that is relatively fresh (or "uncoated"), thereby maintaining its larger surface area.

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An Intercomparison of Measurement Methods for Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Ambient Air in New York City

Cited by 57 publications

References 24 publications

Characterization of Wintertime Reactive Oxygen Species Concentrations in Flushing, New York

Characterization of Wintertime Reactive Oxygen Species Concentrations in Flushing, New York

Harmonizing Aerosol Carbon Measurements between Two Conventional Thermal/Optical Analysis Methods

Monthly and Diurnal Variation of the Concentrations of Aerosol Surface Area in Fukuoka, Japan, Measured by Diffusion Charging Method

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