“…Smart transportation provides VA applications to visualise and analyse a large amount of data collected from transportation system, thereby helping in the improvement of the transportation systems in terms of minimizing traffic congestion, by providing alternative routes and reducing the number of accidents through the analyses of the history of mishaps, including factors such as their cause and the driver speed (Claramunt et al, 2000, Gröger and Plümer, 2012, Andrienko, 2013, Krüger et al, 2013, Objectives and Words, 2013, Exner, 2015, Yinhai Wang et al, 2016, Yun Wang et al, 2016, Kalamaras et al, 2017, Kurkcu et al, 2017. Singh et al, (2017) proposed a framework of interactive VA for detecting bike-riders without helmet, automatically in city traffic.…”