An interactive television laboratory for the study of social interaction

Wellens, A. Rodney

doi:10.1007/bf01006356

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The study of social interactive television is not new. Back in 1979 Wellens [188] wrote: "interactive television represents means of linking individuals together by providing each with an electronically mediated representation of the other's voice and visual presence." In contrast to video mediated communication, Social TV does not use video for social communication, but as point of reference.…”

Section: Interfaces Between Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of TV Systems, Content, and Users Toward Interactivity

César¹,

Chorianopoulos²

2007

FNT in Human–Computer Interaction

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Interactive TV research spans across a rather diverse body of scientific subfields. Research articles have appeared in several venues, such as multimedia, HCI, CSCW, UIST, user modeling, media and communication sciences. In this study, we explore the state-of-the-art and consider two basic issues: What is interactive TV research? Can it help us reinvent the practices of authoring, delivering, and watching TV? For this purpose, we have reviewed the research literature, as well as the industrial developments and identified three concepts that provide a high-level taxonomy of interactive TV research: (1) content editing, (2) content sharing, and (3) content control. We propose this simple taxonomy (edit-share-control) as an evolutionary step over the established hierarchical produce-deliver-consume paradigm. Moreover, we demonstrate how each disciplinary effort has contributed to and why the full potential of interactive TV has not yet been fulfilled. Finally, we describe how interdisciplinary approaches could provide solutions to some notable contemporary research issues. 'Interactive Television is an oxymoron. On the other hand, television provides the most common ground in our culture for ordinary conversation, which is arguably the most enjoyable interaction a person has. We should try to leverage the power of television while creating some channel back from the audience to provide content, control or just a little conversation.' * * Although we have tried to summarize previous research as much as possible, we still find that the quote by Dan O'Sullivan (Interactive Telecommunication program, New York University, Tisch School of the Arts) has been the most comprehensive definition of interactive television, so far.

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Section: Interfaces Between Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of TV Systems, Content, and Users Toward Interactivity

César¹,

Chorianopoulos²

2007

FNT in Human–Computer Interaction

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“…Interaction between distant TV viewers has been in research agenda for quite a while. In the 1970's Wellens wrote "interactive television represents means of linking individuals together by providing each with an electronically mediated representation of the other's voice and visual presence" [18]. Shin places Social TV in the very center of current development towards ubiquitous technologies: "With the advancement of ubiquitous technologies, the social expectation is that one is nearly always connected and reachable almost instantly via technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing for presence in social television interaction

Palviainen

Kuusinen

Väänänänen-Vainio-Mattila

2013

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia

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In the past years, people have started to use social media to interact actively about TV content. However, despite of over a decade of active research and product development, Social TV has not been adopted by large populations. This paper aims to support designing interaction for Social TV services and, more specifically, designing for the presence and togetherness between viewers. Our constructive research consisted of a series of user studies and iterative prototyping. We conducted user studies with altogether 51 participants both in laboratory and in real-life contexts. To support the presence, the final prototype includes three different modalities of communication -voice and text-based chat, and animated gestures with avatars. The qualitative findings imply that gestures with avatars in virtual space support Social TV and the experience of presence. Finally, we present an analysis of Social TV heuristics and their validity in the context of our designs.

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“…An early version of the system that "hid" encoded infonnation above the normally visible video field, similar to that reported by Barnes et al (1988), was used by Cardon (1985) to record beat-to-beatheart rate information of subjects who were being interviewed over a two-way television system (Wellens, 1979). Experience with this early system led to the development of the current "visible" system that records highly readable characters within the video "safe zone" and allows the experimenter to monitor the status of all recorded information continually.…”

Section: Current Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DataVision: A computer-based system for generating and reading digital information accompanying video images on videotape

Ergener

Wellens

1989

Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers

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An Apple He-based system is described that generates both machine-readable and humanreadable numbers for recording with visual information on videotape. Hardware and software components of the encoding system are detailed. An automatic decoding system that reads the numbers from videotape into computer memory is also described. Current applications of the system are briefly discussed. Barnes, Haith, & Roberts (1988) recently described the desirability of merging digital information with video images when recording behavioral events on videotape. The ability to record visual aspects of complex behaviors simultaneously along with digital representations of stimuli or response conditions allows the synchrony of all events to be retained in the permanent visual record. This eliminates the need of creating and managing separate timestamped computer files that may exceed computer memory for lengthy experimental sessions. Having information recorded in computer-readable form eliminates much of the tedium associated with manually decoding events upon videotape playback. Barnes et al. described a system that allows the recording and decoding of a limited amount of digital information on a single line of video that lies above the normally visible video field. The technique requires the construction of customized circuitry for both the encoding and the decoding portions of the system. The present report describes an alternative system that utilizes off-the-shelf computer and video hardware to generate both machine-readable and human-readable information that occupies a small portion of the visible video field. The display software can generate up to 40 digits of information that occupy 14 lines of a standard 251-line video frame. Upon playback, the user can either read the digits manually or use a customized decoder to read the digitized information directly into a computer. ENCODING SYSTEMThe hardware portion of the encoding system consists of an Apple TIe computer and a video mixer. The

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An interactive television laboratory for the study of social interaction

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

The Evolution of TV Systems, Content, and Users Toward Interactivity

The Evolution of TV Systems, Content, and Users Toward Interactivity

Designing for presence in social television interaction

DataVision: A computer-based system for generating and reading digital information accompanying video images on videotape

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