“…In addition, the running time is [2.924EÀ03s, 2.509EÀ02s] for solving ZDT benchmark functions and the running time is [2.765EÀ02s, 9.062EÀ02s] for solving DTLZ benchmark. In order to prove the superiority of the ICDMOPSO algorithm, NSGA-III (Miriam et al, 2021), MOEA/D (Li et al, 2019b), cdMOPSO (Raquel and Naval, 2005), MOMPSO (Dorado-Sevilla et al, 2021) and MODE/DMSM (Deb and Jain, 2014) are selected for comparative analysis. The parameter settings of three algorithms are consistent with the original literature.…”