An interactive effect of simultaneous death of dwarf bamboo, canopy gap, and predatory rodents on beech regeneration

Abe, Miki; Miguchi, Hideo; Nakashizuka, Tohru

doi:10.1007/s004420000585

Cited by 88 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Researchers have also suggested that S. quelpaertensis (Kim et al 2007) and S. cernua (Li et al 1992) have allelopathic effects on their competitors. Furthermore, patches of Sasa can provide habitat for small mammals, who might consume larger seeds and indirectly prevent the regeneration of trees (Abe et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, abundance, and effect on plant species diversity of Sasa borealis in Korean forests

2018

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Background: Sasa borealis (Hack.) Makino, a clonal dwarf bamboo, is widespread in Korean forests. Although S. borealis is native to that country, its growth habit can cause considerable harm when occupying particular areas where it dominates and influences those forested communities. However, few reports have described the extent of its inhibitory effects on the vigor of co-existing plant species. Therefore, we investigated the distribution, abundance, and diversity of other plant species in the communities where this plant occurs in the east-central forests on the Korean Peninsula. Results: S. borealis was most commonly found at an elevational range of 800 to 1,200 m, on gentle, usually lower, and near valley northern slopes. Out of the 13 forest communities based on 447 forest stands that we surveyed, S. borealis was detected in eight communities, mostly where Quercus mongolica dominates. In particular, it was more common in late-successional mixed stands of Q. mongolica, other deciduous species, and the coniferous Abies holophylla. Because of their ability to expand rapidly in the forest, this plant covered more than 50% of the surface in most of our research plots. Species diversity declined significantly (F = 78.7, p = 0.000) as the abundance of S. borealis increased in the herb stratum. The same trend was noted for the total number of species (F = 18.1, p = 0.000) and species evenness (F = 91.5, p = 0.000). Conclusions: These findings clearly demonstrate that S. borealis is a weed pest and severely hinders species diversity. Authorities should be implementing various measures for ecological control to take advantage of declining chance after the recent synchronized massive flowering of S. borealis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, abundance, and effect on plant species diversity of Sasa borealis in Korean forests

2018

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“…Many studies reported the disturbance of regeneration of tree species by ungulate browsing around the world (Wilson 1969, Gill 1992, Waller and Alverson 1997, Potvin et al 2003, Rooney and Waller 2003, Senn and Suter 2003, Weisberg and Bugmann 2003, Cote et al 2004, Tsujino and Yumoto 2004, Pepin et al 2006, Takatsuki 2009, Hidding et al 2012, Nagaike et al 2014Cutini et al 2015, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest 2015; a few studies were carried out on the dynamics and the other ecological issues of roe deer in Korea (Kim and Kim 2001, Kim 2006, Kim and Hong 2006, Kim et al 2007a, Jeon and Kim 2011, Jo et al 2012, 2013, Kang 2013. In addition, studies on the dynamics of forest stands indicated that competition with other species of understory vegetation such as dwarf bamboo (genus Sasa) can interrupt the establishment of the seedlings of the natural tree species at forest stands of the world (Nakashizuka 1988, Peters et al 1992, Abe et al 2001, Taylor et al 2004, 2006, Doležal et al 2009, Song et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance in seedling development of Korean fir (Abies koreana Wilson) tree species on higher altitude forests of Mt. Hallasan National Park, the central part of Jeju Island, Korea

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Choi³

et al. 2017

j ecology environ

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Background: Natural regeneration of seedlings as well as saplings of Korean fir has been significantly impacted by the browsing from the early stages of their development, potentially, by roe deer for the last two to three decades at the study site since late 1980s. This study was carried out to investigate current status of the disturbance in the seedling development of Korean fir (Abies koreana) on Mt. Hallasan, Jeju Island, Korea.Methods: Field survey was carried out during June and August in 2016 to measure the characteristics of study site and understory vegetation by applying systematic sampling to 125 plots of 5 m × 5 m quadrat located on eastern slope of the mountain. Correlation and regression analyses were applied to the variables quantified from the data sets using the SAS software.Results: No saplings with their diameters at breast heights smaller than 5.0 cm were found at the study site indicating the serious disturbance in the natural regeneration of Korean fir at the study site. No seedlings with their heights taller than 36.0 cm were found at the study site indicating even more serious disturbance during earlier stage of the natural regeneration of Korean fir at the study site. A total of 616 individuals of the seedlings of Korean fir were found at 54 out of 125 sampling plots. One hundred thirty-eight seedlings (22.4%) out of 616 individual seedlings have the vestiges for being grazed, potentially, by roe deer. Conclusions: Due considerations should be given to the effects of browsing of the seedlings by roe deer to promote the natural regeneration of Korean fir, ultimately to restore Korean fir. It is needed for the managers of the forest to install fences around the forest area. Exclosure experiments as well as enclosure experiments of different densities of browsing should be carried out. In addition, treatment with different densities of Jeju dwarf bamboo should also be included in the experiment on Mt. Hallasan National Park, Jeju Island, Korea.

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“…Beckage et al 2000;Chacón and Armesto 2006;Norghauer et al 2008) or among diVerent gap sizes (Pearson et al 2003). Spatial heterogeneity in understorey cover creates a forest-Xoor mosaic of recruitment opportunities through its inXuence on abiotic conditions (George and Bazzaz 1999;Beckage et al 2000;Beckage and Clark 2003;Giordano et al 2009), litter deposition (Gray and Spies 1997;Christie and Armesto 2003), and habitat use by resident consumers (Wada 1993;Abe et al 2001;Pearson et al 2003;Caccia et al 2006;Royo and Carson 2008). Understorey vegetation may constrain tree seedling growth and survival by reducing light availability (Beckage et al 2000;Taylor et al 2004) and belowground resources (Lewis and Tanner 2000;Beckage and Clark 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small mammals usually prefer vegetated patches, where they exert increased predation on seeds or seedlings relative to open areas (Wada 1993;Caccia and Ballaré 1998;Abe et al 2001;Beckage and Clark 2005). Understorey patches also oVer resources to ground birds (Reid et al 2004), which may inXict physical damage on young seedlings while searching for prey (Gillman and Ogden 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bamboo species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) achieve high dominance in the understorey of many temperate forests (Veblen et al 1996;Takahashi 1997;Abe et al 2001;Taylor et al 2004). Understorey bamboos have been reported to inhibit tree regeneration through light competition (Veblen et al 1996, Takahashi 1997, low red:far-red ratios (Giordano et al 2009), and increased seed predation (Wada 1993) or fungal attack on seedlings (Abe et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and indirect effects of understorey bamboo shape tree regeneration niches in a mixed temperate forest

2009

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Plant cover plays a major role in shaping the nature of recruitment microsites through direct (resource mediated) and indirect (consumer mediated) interactions. Understorey plants may differentially affect seedling establishment, thus contributing to regeneration-niche separation among canopy tree species. We examined patterns of early tree seedling survival resulting from interactive effects of understorey bamboo (Chusquea culeou) and resident consumers in a mixed temperate Patagonian forest, Argentina. Newly germinated seedlings of Nothofagus dombeyi and Austrocedrus chilensis were planted in bamboo thickets and non-bamboo patches, with or without small-vertebrate exclosures. We found species-specific patterns of seedling survival in relation to bamboo cover. Nothofagus survival was generally low but increased under bamboo, irrespective of cage treatment. Desiccation stress accounted for most Nothofagus mortality in open, non-bamboo areas. In contrast, Austrocedrus survival was highest in non-bamboo microsites, as most seedlings beneath bamboo were killed by small vertebrates through direct consumption or non-trophic physical damage. There was little evidence for a negative impact of bamboo on tree seedling survival attributable to resource competition. The balance of simultaneous positive and negative interactions implied that bamboo presence facilitated Nothofagus early establishment but inhibited Austrocedrus recruitment via apparent competition. These results illustrate the potential for dominant understorey plants to promote microsite segregation during early stages of recruitment between tree seedlings having different susceptibilities to water stress and herbivory. We recognise, however, that patterns of bamboo-seedling interactions may be conditional on moisture levels and consumer activity during establishment. Hence, both biotic and abiotic heterogeneity in understorey environments should be incorporated into conceptual models of regeneration dynamics and tree coexistence in forest communities.

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An interactive effect of simultaneous death of dwarf bamboo, canopy gap, and predatory rodents on beech regeneration

Cited by 88 publications

References 27 publications

Distribution, abundance, and effect on plant species diversity of Sasa borealis in Korean forests

Distribution, abundance, and effect on plant species diversity of Sasa borealis in Korean forests

Disturbance in seedling development of Korean fir (Abies koreana Wilson) tree species on higher altitude forests of Mt. Hallasan National Park, the central part of Jeju Island, Korea

Direct and indirect effects of understorey bamboo shape tree regeneration niches in a mixed temperate forest

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