“…Far fewer cases of virtual laboratories that have been developed to create learning activities with no direct analog to the university instructional laboratory are reported in the literature. Examples include the dynamic responses of multi-story structures to earthquakes (Sim, Spencer, & Lee, 2009), full-scale industrial processes of styrene-butadiene copolymerization (Jayakumar, Reklaitis, Andersen, & Dietrich, 1995) and hydrogen liquefaction (Kuriyan, Muench, & Reklaitis, 2001), and clean-up of hazardous waste sites (Harmon et al, 2002). Assessment of student learning for these industrially situated laboratories is very limited, in part because there is not an obvious comparison group for such a study.…”