An integrative review of granular sludge for the biological removal of nutrients and recalcitrant organic matter from wastewater

Winkler, Mari K.H.; Meunier, Christophe; Henriet, Olivier; Mahillon, Jacques; Suárez-Ojeda, María Eugenia; Moro, Guido Del; Sanctis, Marco De; Iaconi, Claudio Di; Weissbrodt, David G.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.026

Cited by 195 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 201 publications

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“…AGS can be formed in a wide range of dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO), from as low as 0.7–1.0 up to 2–7 mg L −1 (Winkler et al 2018 ), but DO lower than 2–5 mg L −1 has been reported to lead to granule instability (Hailei et al 2006 ; McSwain Sturm and Irvine 2008 ; Mosquera-Corral et al 2005 ). DO is an efficient control parameter for simultaneous removal of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus due to the strong diffusion limitations in granules where high DO concentrations lead to a larger aerobic fraction and hence increased nitrification rate, whereas lower DO concentrations increase the denitrification rate.…”

Section: Process Configurations and Operational Conditions Affecting mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last years, a number of review papers have been published about the AGS technology, e.g., (Adav et al 2008c ; de Kreuk et al 2007a ; Franca et al 2018 ; Gao et al 2011a ; Khan et al 2013 ; Lee et al 2010 ; Liu et al 2009 ; Liu and Tay 2002 ; Maszenan et al 2011 ; Nancharaiah and Kiran Kumar Reddy 2018 ; Sarma et al 2017 ; Seviour et al 2012b ; Show et al 2012 ; Winkler et al 2018 ; Zhang et al 2016 ). The focus of these reviews has been mainly on operational factors that influence the granulation process, the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), physical and chemical aspects of granule stability, and carbon and nutrient removal, as well as treatment of recalcitrant compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

Wilén

Liébana

Persson

et al. 2018

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

156

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Granular activated sludge has gained increasing interest due to its potential in treating wastewater in a compact and efficient way. It is well-established that activated sludge can form granules under certain environmental conditions such as batch-wise operation with feast-famine feeding, high hydrodynamic shear forces, and short settling time which select for dense microbial aggregates. Aerobic granules with stable structure and functionality have been obtained with a range of different wastewaters seeded with different sources of sludge at different operational conditions, but the microbial communities developed differed substantially. In spite of this, granule instability occurs. In this review, the available literature on the mechanisms involved in granulation and how it affects the effluent quality is assessed with special attention given to the microbial interactions involved. To be able to optimize the process further, more knowledge is needed regarding the influence of microbial communities and their metabolism on granule stability and functionality. Studies performed at conditions similar to full-scale such as fluctuation in organic loading rate, hydrodynamic conditions, temperature, incoming particles, and feed water microorganisms need further investigations.

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Section: Process Configurations and Operational Conditions Affecting mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

Wilén

Liébana

Persson

et al. 2018

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…EPS have been generally recognized to be key elements in the matrix structure of GS . Thus both genera ( Zoogloea and Thaurea ) will contribute to the structural EPS matrix which is needed to imbed other slower growing microorganisms such as PAO and nitrifiers . In addition to the operational strategy and predominant organisms, Pronk et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological nutrient removal from slaughterhouse wastewater via nitritation/denitritation using granular sludge: an onsite pilot demonstration

Dobbeleers

Caluwé

Dockx

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: In this study, an onsite pilot sequencing batch reactor (SBR) of 450 L was operated at a local Flemish slaughterhouse in two consecutive periods. During period I, nitrogen removal via nitritation/denitritation (Nit/DNit) was achieved by the use of an innovative startup strategy without seed sludge and subsequently maintained by the use of aeration phase length control based on the oxygen uptake rate (OUR). In period II, the operational strategy was modified. In order to obtain Nit/DNit granular sludge (GS), an anaerobic (feast) feeding was introduced followed by a dynamic controlled (OUR-based) aerobic (famine) reaction step. RESULTS: After 74 days, the local (Flemish) legislation standards for COD (125 mg O 2 L −1 ) and T-N (15 mg N L −1 ) were fulfilled. During period II, floccular sludge was partially transformed into GS, which resulted in increased COD and NH 4 -N conversion rates of 50 and 60% respectively. Average removal efficiencies for SCOD, N and P during period II were 89.5 ± 4.2, 88.8 ± 9.8 and 84.4 ± 9.3% respectively. Despite the relatively low biomass concentrations (2.5 g L −1 ), excellent sludge settling was reported, with SVI 30 < 100 mL g −1 from day 167 onwards. Moreover, it was found that the operational strategy and temperature variability had a crucial impact on the microbial community dynamics and granule growth.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the Nit/DNit BNR-GS system in a real operational environment through the operation of an onsite pilot plant.

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“…Major developments of the 21st century include increasing needs for nutrient removal such as via biofilm and granular sludge reactor technologies. 62,[68][69][70][71][72][73] It is expected that, besides effluent quality, secondary objectives dealing with the sustainability of wastewater treatment will gain importance in future, aiming for compact processes, reduced energy consumption, minimal addition of chemicals, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases, among others. Acceleration of innovation in the water sector can help deliver maximum economic, environmental, and social benefits to communities, primarily through improved water resource management and protection, and enhanced resiliency.…”

Section: Generating a Platform For Integration And Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsible science, engineering and education for water resource recovery and circularity

Weissbrodt

Winkler

Wells

2020

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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An integrative review of granular sludge for the biological removal of nutrients and recalcitrant organic matter from wastewater

Cited by 195 publications

References 201 publications

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

The mechanisms of granulation of activated sludge in wastewater treatment, its optimization, and impact on effluent quality

Biological nutrient removal from slaughterhouse wastewater via nitritation/denitritation using granular sludge: an onsite pilot demonstration

Responsible science, engineering and education for water resource recovery and circularity

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