An Integrative Analysis of the Immune Features of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac)

Jiang, Zhujun; Lin, Haishuang; Zhang, Hao Ran; Shi, Ningning; Zheng, Zhetao; Dong, Liangzhen; Yang, Yongfeng; Xia, Qing

doi:10.3390/vaccines10060878

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A clinical study focusing on the immunology of 71 confirmed COVID-19 cases found that complement component C1q dropped in severe COVID-19 patients significantly compared with mild-ill patients ( 31 ). The CoronaVac-induced regulation of complement C1q subcomponent was also detected by Jiang et al ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Since the cytokines were measured from serum without the knowledge of production cells and were only measured on two days, further information on the role of the cytokines in CoronaVac vaccination cannot be obtained in this study. Zhao et al (18) and Jiang et al (19) have studied the regulation of cytokines and lymphocytes induced by CoronaVac in a comprehensive way in their respective studies. Jiang et al characterized the lymphocyte subpopulations before and after vaccination, and found that after the second vaccination, CD8+ cytotoxic T cell levels decreased and the serum NAbs titers increased (19), in consistent with our results, which can suggest a balance between cellular and humoral immune responses dominating at early and late stages of vaccination, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jiang et al. detected the changes of mannan-binding lectin serine proteases induced by CoronaVac ( 19 ). The reduction of MBL serum level or MBL protein concentration has been observed in SARS patients compared to healthy people ( 45 , 47 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 18 ) and Jiang et al. ( 19 ) have studied the regulation of cytokines and lymphocytes induced by CoronaVac in a comprehensive way in their respective studies. Jiang et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Zhao et al reported the humoral and cellular immune responses of 136 participants activated by two-dose of CoronaVac after 1, 3, 6, and 12 moths (18). Jiang et al reported the immune features of CoronaVac based on 13 healthy people and 12 people that recovered from COVID-19 infection (19). Although pharmaceutical companies have reported the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines based on laboratory studies and clinical trials, additional vaccine evaluation is needed to better understand the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on human beings, and new strategies for the evaluation of immune response against vaccines are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Serum peptidome profiles immune response of COVID-19 Vaccine administration

Zhang

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused significant loss of life and property. In response to the serious pandemic, recently developed vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been administrated to the public. Nevertheless, the research on human immunization response against COVID-19 vaccines is insufficient. Although much information associated with vaccine efficacy, safety and immunogenicity has been reported by pharmaceutical companies based on laboratory studies and clinical trials, vaccine evaluation needs to be extended further to better understand the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on human beings.MethodsWe performed a comparative peptidome analysis on serum samples from 95 participants collected at four time points before and after receiving CoronaVac. The collected serum samples were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to profile the serum peptides, and also subjected to humoral and cellular immune response analyses to obtain typical immunogenicity information.ResultsSignificant difference in serum peptidome profiles by MALDI-TOF MS was observed after vaccination. By supervised statistical analysis, a total of 13 serum MALDI-TOF MS feature peaks were obtained on day 28 and day 42 of vaccination. The feature peaks were identified as component C1q receptor, CD59 glycoprotein, mannose-binding protein C, platelet basic protein, CD99 antigen, Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, integral membrane protein 2B, platelet factor 4 and hemoglobin subunits. Combining with immunogenicity analysis, the study provided evidence for the humoral and cellular immune responses activated by CoronaVac. Furthermore, we found that it is possible to distinguish neutralizing antibody (NAbs)-positive from NAbs-negative individuals after complete vaccination using the serum peptidome profiles by MALDI-TOF MS together with machine learning methods, including random forest (RF), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), linear support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR).ConclusionsThe study shows the promise of MALDI-TOF MS-based serum peptidome analysis for the assessment of immune responses activated by COVID-19 vaccination, and discovered a panel of serum peptides biomarkers for COVID-19 vaccination and for NAbs generation. The method developed in this study can help not only in the development of new vaccines, but also in the post-marketing evaluation of developed vaccines.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 18 ) and Jiang et al. ( 19 ) have studied the regulation of cytokines and lymphocytes induced by CoronaVac in a comprehensive way in their respective studies. Jiang et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Serum peptidome profiles immune response of COVID-19 Vaccine administration

Zhang

Li²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Comparative single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune response to inactivated vaccine and natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

He,

Liu,

Teng

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uncovering the immune response to an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine (In‐Vac) and natural infection is crucial for comprehending COVID‐19 immunology. Here we conducted an integrated analysis of single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data from serial peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples derived from 12 individuals receiving In‐Vac compared with those from COVID‐19 patients. Our study reveals that In‐Vac induces subtle immunological changes in PBMC, including cell proportions and transcriptomes, compared with profound changes for natural infection. In‐Vac modestly upregulates IFN‐α but downregulates NF‐κB pathways, while natural infection triggers hyperactive IFN‐α and NF‐κB pathways. Both In‐Vac and natural infection alter T/B cell receptor repertoires, but COVID‐19 has more significant change in preferential VJ gene, indicating a vigorous immune response. Our study reveals distinct patterns of cellular communications, including a selective activation of IL‐15RA/IL‐15 receptor pathway after In‐Vac boost, suggesting its potential role in enhancing In‐Vac‐induced immunity. Collectively, our study illuminates multifaceted immune responses to In‐Vac and natural infection, providing insights for optimizing SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine efficacy.

show abstract