An integrative analysis of four CESA isoforms specific for fiber cellulose production between Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense

Abstract

Cotton fiber is an excellent model system of cellulose biosynthesis; however, it has not been widely studied due to the lack of information about the cellulose synthase (CESA) family of genes in cotton. In this study, we initially identified six full-length CESA genes designated as GhCESA5-GhCESA10. Phylogenetic analysis and gene co-expression profiling revealed that CESA1, CESA2, CESA7, and CESA8 were the major isoforms for secondary cell wall biosynthesis, whereas CESA3, CESA5, CESA6, CESA9, and CESA10 should involve in primary cell wall formation for cotton fiber initiation and elongation. Using integrative analysis of gene expression patterns, CESA protein levels, and cellulose biosynthesis in vivo, we detected that CESA8 could play an enhancing role for rapid and massive cellulose accumulation in Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. We found that CESA2 displayed a major expression in non-fiber tissues and that CESA1, a housekeeping gene like, was predominantly expressed in all tissues. Further, a dynamic alteration was observed in cell wall composition and a significant discrepancy was observed between the cotton species during fiber elongation, suggesting that pectin accumulation and xyloglucan reduction might contribute to cell wall transition. In addition, we discussed that callose synthesis might be regulated in vivo for massive cellulose production during active secondary cell wall biosynthesis in cotton fibers.

A Cotton Annexin Affects Fiber Elongation and Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis Associated with Ca2+ Influx, ROS Homeostasis, and Actin Filament Reorganization

“…S10, A-F) suggest that cellulose synthesis may contribute to the advanced onset of SCW biosynthesis in the RNAi lines. Callose deposition not only is associated with the onset of SCW cellulose synthesis at 16 to 18 DPA but also is involved in plasmodesmata opening (Ruan et al, 2001;Zhang et al, 2004;Avci et al, 2013;Li et al, 2013a). Gluc1 is involved in callose degradation (Ruan et al, 2004) and was downregulated in overexpression transgenic lines but up-regulated in RNAi lines (Supplemental Fig.…”

Steam explosion distinctively enhances biomass enzymatic saccharification of cotton stalks by largely reducing cellulose polymerization degree in G. barbadense and G. hirsutum

“…Gb species has the longest, finest and strongest fibers, whereas Gh species has higher yield of cotton fibers (Al-Ghazi et al, 2009;Li et al, 2013a). In this study, the stalks of two cotton species were pretreated with steam explosion followed by acid (H 2 SO 4 ) or alkali (NaOH) at various concentrations, and the sequential biomass enzymatic saccharification was compared in both species.…”

An integrated genomic and metabolomic framework for cell wall biology in rice

“…During the past years, characterization of plant cell wall mutants has revealed dozens of genes involved in cell wall synthesis and modification [28, 32–41]. However, the functions of the majority of cell wall related genes remain obscure, in particular in plant species other than the main model organism Arabidopsis.…”