An integrated platform for fibrinogen quantification on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device

Abstract

Fibrinogen (FIB) plays a key role in blood coagulation and thrombosis and its concentration in blood can directly reflect health conditions, thus an efficient detection of FIB would benefit the treatments of certain diseases such as liver and heart diseases.

Paper-Based Lateral Flow Device for the Sustainable Measurement of Human Plasma Fibrinogen in Low-Resource Settings

“…Dielectrophoresis has been recently used in conjunction with a paper-based assay for measuring fibrinogen. 18 The device had a dynamic range from 1.27 to 5.08 mg/mL, high precision, and good agreement with well-established routine laboratory methods. However, it required complex instrumentation and fabrication methodologies, making it unsuitable for use in low-resource environments.…”

“…Both methods require multistep procedures and have the potential to be prone to many interferences such as variations in sample viscosity. Dielectrophoresis has been recently used in conjunction with a paper-based assay for measuring fibrinogen . The device had a dynamic range from 1.27 to 5.08 mg/mL, high precision, and good agreement with well-established routine laboratory methods.…”

Paper-based sensors for diagnostics, human activity monitoring, food safety and environmental detection

“…Similarly, Wang et al 105 used double-sided adhesive tape and wax printing to prepare a 3D paper-based sensor that could detect multiple heavy metal ions simultaneously. Guan et al 79 prepared a 3D paper-based analysis device by means of glue adhesion, and set different functions on each layer, so that a single device acted as a multi-functional platform for plasma separation and fibrinogen detection of blood (Figure 2C). However, preparing 3D paper-based devices using double-sided adhesive tape has some drawbacks, such as complex alignment, bonding, and punching processes, which can adversely affect fluid flow.…”

“…The screen printing method can also be used to print the designed electrode pattern on paper, allowing for fast production speed, low cost and simplicity. 79,85 Cinti et al 85 screen printed electrodes on a paper substrate and successfully prepared a paper-based electrochemical phosphate detection sensor. Caratelli et al 86 prepared a three-electrode system for the electrochemical detection of cholinesterase inhibitors by manual screen printing.…”

Lab-on-Paper Devices for Diagnosis of Human Diseases Using Urine Samples—A Review

“…Accordingly, many lab-on-paper platforms for the separation of whole blood samples have been proposed in recent years. Generally speaking, these devices perform the separation process using filter paper [50,51], filtration membranes [52][53][54][55], chitosan polymer structure separation [56], or combined dielectrophoretic (DEP) and capillary force separation [57]. For example, Laurenciano et al [51] fabricated a sliding hybrid PMMA/paper microchip with an integrated separation membrane to filter urine samples or separate whole blood (Figure 1b).…”