An Integrated of Hydrogen Fuel Cell to Distribution Network System: Challenging and Opportunity for D-STATCOM

Adzman, Mohd Rafi; Zali, Samila Mat

doi:10.3390/en14217073

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…However, it is crucial to note that ammonia combustion may result in the release of nitrous oxide (NOx), a potent greenhouse gas. Nevertheless, a 2 MW demonstration project in Japan demonstrated the feasibility of achieving a 99% reduction in overall greenhouse gas emissions (NOx and N2O combined) when comparing an ammonia-fired gas turbine to one utilizing natural gas [55,56].…”

Section: Electricity Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Hydrogen Sector Investments for Achieving Sustainable Electricity Generation.

Khaleel,

Yusupov,

Guneser

et al. 2024

jsesd

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Hydrogen constitutes an integral component within an expansive array of energy technologies poised to facilitate the nation's transition towards achieving a net-zero state. In additional, this endeavor involves harnessing regional resources judiciously, thereby fostering equitable and sustainable growth. The strategic development and utilization of hydrogen technologies necessitate a nuanced approach, encompassing an assessment of diverse technologies spanning various sectors especially power sector. Such a meticulous strategy aims to forge the most efficacious, cost-effective, and sustainable pathways, underpinned by the discerning adoption of these technologies in the market. The article delves into the intricate relationship between hydrogen and fuel cell technologies, shedding light on their combined impact on the evolving landscape of electricity generation. A particular focus is placed on the integration of variable renewable energy sources, elucidating how hydrogen serves as a key enabler in optimizing the utilization of these fluctuating energy resources. In addition, the article encompasses various methods of hydrogen production, exploring their technological advancements and implications for achieving sustainable electricity generation. Emphasizing the significance of technology development in the hydrogen sector, the paper delves into the potential of hydrogen production methods and their implications for advancing sustainable electricity generation. In essence, the article navigates the trajectory of the hydrogen sector's evolution within the broader context of electricity generation, offering valuable insights into the ongoing developments, challenges, and opportunities. By addressing the critical nexus between hydrogen technologies and the dynamic electricity landscape, the paper aims to contribute to the discourse on the future trajectory of investments in the hydrogen sector for enhanced electricity generation. To Conclude, the United Kingdom has committed GBP 20 billion over a span of 20 years to the development of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) facilities. Additionally, the nation has identified and shortlisted electrolysis projects totalling 408 megawatts (MW) capacity. In Korea, Hanwha Impact has achieved a significant milestone by attaining a 60% hydrogen co-firing share in an 80 MW gas turbine, representing the largest co-firing share recorded thus far in mid-to-large gas turbines. Meanwhile, Anhui Province Energy Group in China has successfully conducted trials involving the co-firing of ammonia at a 300 MW unit. The Group has plans to further extend these trials, aiming to achieve a 50% co-firing level at a 1 GW coal unit. In the United States, notable progress has been made, with a 38% hydrogen co-firing share attained in 2023 at an operational 753 MW combined-cycle power plant.

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Section: Electricity Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Hydrogen Sector Investments for Achieving Sustainable Electricity Generation.

Khaleel,

Yusupov,

Guneser

et al. 2024

jsesd

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“…Such a cycle will repeat until lab level prototype systems are upgraded to full-scale systems in continuous operation. [131] Heat management in terms of occurrence of heating and cooling during charging or operation is vital in electric vehicles. Failure in heat dissipation management may lead to battery degradation, rapid ageing of batteries causing undesirable consequences regarding safety and performances.…”

Section: System Management Of Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next step in the integration process is independent systems analysis about control and risk management processes. Such a cycle will repeat until lab level prototype systems are upgraded to full‐scale systems in continuous operation [131] …”

Section: Fuel Cell Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on Hydrogen Based Fuel Cell Technology and Applications

Gupta,

Toksha,

Rahaman

2023

The Chemical Record

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The research in energy storage and conversion is playing a critical role in energy policy as the innovation and technological progress are essential for achieving the energy transition and climate neutrality goals. Hydrogen Fuel Cell technology is considered a strategic element in the pursuit of sustainable and clean energy solutions. This technology is increasingly gaining attention in recent years as a potential substitute to conventional non‐renewable energy sources. Fuel cell technology can be employed for domestic/commercial use along with powering the transportation sector which currently employs the use of conventional battery systems. However, these systems pose severe limitations with respect to longer charging times and limited distance range. This review article aims at providing a comprehensive methodical overview of hydrogen‐based fuel cell technology along with key concepts, present day scenarios, including overview of the market and industry trends, government policies and initiatives, along with major stakeholders involved in scaling up the technology for mass consumption. The outlook of fuel cells, including their capability to revolutionise the energy sector is discussed. The technological advancements and breakthroughs on the horizon along with the challenges and safety concerns related to the widespread acceptance of fuel cells are analysed.

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“…The D-STATCOM's devices allow injections inside the electrical system reactive power in a controlled manner realtive to the electrical network by obtaining different technical and economic benefits that are related to the objective function fixed by the operator of the electrical grid [17]. The benefits are more commonly related to the reduction in power loss, improvements in voltage profiles, chargeability of the branches, harmonic mitigation, power loss cost, energy purchasing cost, and investment costs, among others [18][19][20].…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Discrete-Continuous PSO for the Optimal Integration of D-STATCOMs into Electrical Distribution Systems by Considering Annual Power Loss and Investment Costs

et al. 2022

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Currently, with the quick increase in global population, the energetic crisis, the environmental problematic, and the development of the power electronic devices generated the need to include new technologies for supporting and potentiating electrical distributions systems; Distribution Static Compensators (D-STATCOMs) are highly used for this task due to the advantages that this technology presents: reduction in power loss, operation costs, and chargeability of branches, among others. The possibility to include this kind of technology within the electrical system has shown the need to develop efficient methodologies from the point of view of quality solution, repeatability and processing times by considering operation and investment costs as well as the technical conditions of the electrical grids under a scenario of variable power demand and then representing the real operation of the electrical grid. With the aim to propose a solution for this requirement, this paper presents a new Discrete-Continuous Particle Swarm Optimization (DCPSO) algorithm to solve the problem of the optimal integration of D-STATCOMs into Electrical Distribution Systems (EDSs). In this case, the objective function is the minimization of annual operating costs by using a weighted mono-objective function composed of the annual power loss and the investment cost and by including all constraints associated with the operation of an EDS in a distributed reactive compensation environmentinside the mathematical formulation. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed solution method, this study implemented two tests systems (i.e., 33- and 69-bus), as well as four comparison methods, and different considerations related to the inclusion of D-STATCOMs in the EDSs. Furthermore, for evaluating the repeatability of the solution obtained by each solution methods used, each algorithm was executed 100 times in Matlab software. The results obtained demonstrated that the proposed DCPSO/HSA methodology achieved the best trade-off between solution quality and processing time, with low standard deviation values for EDSs of any size.

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An Integrated of Hydrogen Fuel Cell to Distribution Network System: Challenging and Opportunity for D-STATCOM

Cited by 17 publications

References 79 publications

Towards Hydrogen Sector Investments for Achieving Sustainable Electricity Generation.

Towards Hydrogen Sector Investments for Achieving Sustainable Electricity Generation.

A Critical Review on Hydrogen Based Fuel Cell Technology and Applications

A Discrete-Continuous PSO for the Optimal Integration of D-STATCOMs into Electrical Distribution Systems by Considering Annual Power Loss and Investment Costs

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