An integrated measure of GABA to characterize post-stroke plasticity

Paparella, Ilenia; Vanderwalle, Gilles; Stagg, Charlotte J.; Maquet, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103463

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…We found that two types of GABA exist in PV-ChR2 group; GABA released from reactive astrocyte after Wallerian degeneration in the cortex and neuronal GABA released from PV-expressing neurons in capsular infarct model 21 . Astrocytic GABA seems to perturbate the neuronal function in ipsilesional cortex following capsular infarct, as mentioned before, whereas neuronal GABA is hypothesized to be involved to form post-stroke neuronal plasticity, mediated by Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity mechanism 56,57 . GABAergic modulation is reported to be important to shape spike-timing-dependent plasticity and operate as Hebbian/anti-Hebbian switch 58,59 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Neuron-type-specific optogenetic stimulation for differential stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct

Kim,

Cho

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Cortical electrical stimulation (CNM) is widely used to promote recovery after stroke. Despite beneficial results, current CNM techniques are unable to differentiate the roles played by different neuron types in their effects. Our aim was to use selective optogenetic cortical stimulation to explore how different subpopulations of neuronal cells contribute to post-stroke recovery. We transduced sensory-parietal cortex (SPC) in rats with CamKII-ChR2 (pyramidal neurons), PV-ChR2 (parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons), or hSyn-ChR2 (pan-neuronal population) before inducing photothrombotic capsular infarct lesions. We found that selective stimulation of inhibitory neurons produced significantly greater motor recovery than stimulation of excitatory neurons or the pan-neuronal population. Furthermore, 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose microPET (FDG-microPET) imaging revealed the significant reduction of cortical diaschisis and activation of corticostriatal neural circuit, which were correlated with behavioral recovery in the PV-ChR2 group. The spatial pattern of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression was evident in stimulated cortex and underlying cortico-subcortical circuit. Our results indicate that plasticity of inhibitory neurons is crucial for functional recovery after capsular infarct. Modifying CNM parameters to potentiate the stimulation of inhibitory neurons could enhance post-stroke outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Neuron-type-specific optogenetic stimulation for differential stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct

Kim,

Cho

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…37 Multiple studies have attempted to investigate the functional implications of this excitatory-inhibitory balance in post-stroke survivors and the implication for motor recovery, but findings remain still inconclusive. 38 Our study provides novel insights into the functional role of this excitatory-inhibitory balance by revealing the existence of two distinct intracortical excitability patterns underlying motor skill acquisition depending on lesion location. In individuals with cortical lesions, better acquisition rates were associated with greater inhibitory activity, suggesting that neurophysiological patterns similar to neurotypical individuals when lesions spare corticospinal pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Lesion location changes the association between brain excitability and motor skill acquisition post-stroke

De Las Heras,

Rodrigues,

Cristini

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The capacity to reacquire motor skills lost after a stroke is crucial to promote upper-limb motor recovery but the impact of lesion location on motor skill acquisition and the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain uncertain. Methods: We used transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate associations between excitatory and inhibitory cortico-spinal excitability measures and the capacity to acquire a novel motor skill with the most affected hand in 103 individuals with cortical (n=34) or subcortical (n=69) lesions. Results: Both groups showed similar motor skill acquisition, but subcortical lesions exhibited more impairment in the most affected hand and lower excitability in the ipsilesional hemisphere. In cortical lesions, motor skill acquisition was associated with lower motor thresholds (?=-0.25, 95% CI [-0.47,-0.03]; p=0.024) and higher intracortical inhibition (?=-3.93, 95% CI [-6.89,-0.98]; p=0.011) in the ipsilesional hemisphere. In contrast, in subcortical lesions motor skill acquisition was associated with smaller motor evoked potentials (?=-4.46, 95% CI [-8.54,-0.38]; p=0.033), less intracortical inhibition (?=3.45, 95% CI [0.34,6.56]; p=0.030) and higher facilitation (?=1.34,95% CI [0.15,2.54]; p= 0.028) ipsilesionally. Sensitivity analyses revealed that associations with intracortical inhibition and facilitation in the subcortical group were driven by lesions affecting the corticospinal tract. No associations were found in the contralesional hemisphere. Conclusions: Reinforcing the existence of lesion-specific neurophysiological patterns, individuals with cortical and subcortical lesions show divergent associations between cortico-spinal excitability and motor skill acquisition. The use of cortico-spinal excitability as a biomarker to predict upper-limb recovery post-stroke or guide motor recovery interventions such as non-invasive brain stimulation should consider lesion location.

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“…37,47 Changes in sleep architecture or enhanced sleep due to pharmacological effects (e.g., gabapentin improves slow wave sleep 48 and total sleep time 49 ) post-stroke may create a more conducive environment for offline motor learning compared with older controls. Finally, aging is associated with decreased neuroplasticity due to alterations in GABAergic activity, [50][51][52] which may impact the brain's ability to learn and consolidate motor memories during sleep. It is to be noted though that the differences in online and offline learning observed in this study occurred despite participants being in the chronic period of stroke recovery (i.e., when changes in neuroplasticity are believed to have plateaued), indicating that the enhancement in offline learning could be a sustained phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rest the Brain to Learn New Gait Patterns after Stroke

Krishnan,

Augenstein,

Claflin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The ability to relearn a lost skill is critical to motor recovery after a stroke. Previous studies indicate that stroke typically affects the processes underlying motor control and execution but not the learning of those skills. However, these prior studies could have been confounded by the presence of significant motor impairments and/or have not focused on motor acuity tasks (i.e., tasks focusing on the quality of executed actions) that have direct functional relevance to rehabilitation. Methods: Twenty-five participants (10 stroke; 15 controls) were recruited for this prospective, case-control study. Participants learned a novel foot-trajectory tracking task on two consecutive days while walking on a treadmill. On day 1, participants learned a new gait pattern by performing a task that necessitated greater hip and knee flexion during the swing phase of the gait. On day 2, participants repeated the task with their training leg to test retention. An average tracking error was computed to determine online and offline learning and was compared between stroke survivors and uninjured controls. Results: Stroke survivors were able to improve their tracking performance on the first day (p=0.033); however, the amount of learning in stroke survivors was lower in comparison with the control group on both days (p?0.05). Interestingly, the offline gains in motor learning were higher in stroke survivors when compared with uninjured controls (p=0.011). Conclusions: The results suggest that even high-functioning stroke survivors may have difficulty acquiring new motor skills related to walking, which may be related to the underlying neural damage caused at the time of stroke. Furthermore, it is likely that stroke survivors may require longer training with adequate rest to acquire new motor skills, and rehabilitation programs should target motor skill learning to improve outcomes after stroke.

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An integrated measure of GABA to characterize post-stroke plasticity

Cited by 8 publications

References 153 publications

Neuron-type-specific optogenetic stimulation for differential stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct

Neuron-type-specific optogenetic stimulation for differential stroke recovery in chronic capsular infarct

Lesion location changes the association between brain excitability and motor skill acquisition post-stroke

Rest the Brain to Learn New Gait Patterns after Stroke

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