An Integrated Extraction–Purification Process for Raspberry Leaf Polyphenols and Their In Vitro Activities

Abstract

To improve the utilization value of raspberry leaves, the extraction and purification conditions of phenolic compounds from raspberry leaves were optimized, and the contents of phenolic compounds and the biological activities of extracts were studied. After steam explosion pretreatment at 115 °C for 15 min, raspberry leaf extract with a total phenolic content (TPC) of 136.30~140.51 mg GAE/g was obtained via homogenization and ultrasound-assisted extraction. In addition, the adsorption relationship between raspberry leaf polyphenols and middle polar XDA-6 macroporous resin was best described by the Langmuir model, and tended to be monolayer adsorption. Its adsorption kinetics best resembled the pseudo second-order kinetic model, and it was speculated that this was influenced by multiple factors. According to the optimal integrated extraction–purification process, the TPC of the extracts increased to 738.98 mg GAE/g after one application of purification and 905.27 mg GAE/g after two applications of purification. Moreover, the latter case showed the highest antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition activity, and the content of the most typical compound, quercetin-3-glucuronide, reached 199.69 mg/g. SE has a double-edged effect, and is more conducive to the release of active substances as a pre-treatment method. This study provides a theoretical basis for the efficient use of raspberry leaves, further improving their medicinal and economic value.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Paeonol from Moutan Cortex: Purification and Component Identification of Extract

“…Thus, the HPD-300 macroporous resin was selected to purify paeonol from MC, followed by the optimization of the purification condition. Generally, the adsorption properties of macroporous resin are mainly associated with the polarity and structure of the resin, such as pore size and specific surface area [38,39]. The polarity, specific surface area, and pore size of the eight resins can be derived from Table S1 (Supplementary Materials).…”

“…Comparatively, the macroporous resin adsorption method seems to be the most suitable method due to its low cost, low solvent consumption, and environment friendliness [23,31]. At present, it has been widely applied for the purification of bioactive components, such as flavonoid [32][33][34], polyphenol [35][36][37][38][39][40], and monoterpene glycoside [41][42][43]; however, there is no report on using macroporous adsorption resin to purify paeonol from MC.…”