An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes, terrestrial carbon balance, and vegetation dynamics

Foley, Jonathan A.; Prentice, I. Colin; Ramankutty, Navin; Levis, Samuel; Pollard, David; Sitch, S.; Haxeltine, Alex

doi:10.1029/96gb02692

Cited by 1,206 publications

(985 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…We analyzed the relationship of LAI and ET/ET 0 in GLE and LSP for both Tamarix stand and Populus stand. According to the approximate method commonly used, the daily LAI values were set to be linearly increased with time in GLE, and linearly declined with time in LSP (Foley et al, 1996). The results showed that ET/ET 0 was significantly linearly correlated with LAI ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Key Control Factors On the Spatial Variations Of Etmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Yuan

Luo

Shao

et al. 2015

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Evapotranspiration (ET) and its controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in arid regions are the important scientific basis for the water resources managements of the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China. Nearly three years of continuous measurements of surface ET, soil water content at different depths and groundwater table over a typical Tamarix spp. stand and a typical Populus euphratica stand were conducted in the lower reach of the Tarim River. The ET seasonal trends in the growing season were controlled by plant phenology, and ET in non-growing season was weak. The diurnal variations of ET resulting from the comprehensive effects of all atmospheric factors were significantly related with reference ET. The spatial pattern of ET was determined by vegetation LAI, more vegetation coverage, more ET amount. Groundwater is the water source of surface ET, and the soil water in shallow layers hardly took part in the water exchange in the groundwatersoil-plant-air system. The temporal processes of ET over the Tamarix stand and the Populus stand were similar, but the water consumption of the well-grown Populus euphratica was higher than that of the well-grown Tamarix spp. Further analysis indicates that plant transpiration accounts for most of the surface ET, with soil evaporation weak and negligible; groundwater table is a crucial factor influencing ET over the desert riparian forests, groundwater influences the processes and amounts of ET by controlling the growth and spatial distribution of desert riparian forests; quantifying the water stress of desert riparian forests using groundwater table is more appropriate, rather than soil water content. Based on the understanding of ET and water movements in the groundwater-soil-plant-air system, a generalized framework expressing the water cycling and its key controlling mechanism in the lower reaches of the inland rivers of China is described, and a simple model to estimate water requirements of the desert riparian forests is presented. lower reaches of the Tarim River, water cycling, evapotranspiration, desert riparian forests, Tamarix spp., Populus euphratica Citation:Yuan G F, Luo Y, Shao M A, et al. 2015. Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River

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Section: Key Control Factors On the Spatial Variations Of Etmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Yuan

Luo

Shao

et al. 2015

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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“…To our knowledge, interactions in which land use affects forest ecosystems on this scale have been considered only implicitly through the use of historical land-use and land-cover databases in ecological simulations (Reiners et al, 2002;VEMAP, 1995;Foley et al, 1996;and Houghton et al, 1999). Antle et al, (2001) have created a similar coupled model that focuses on C-sequestration in agricultural soil.…”

Section: Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dynamics and land-use choices: building a regional-scale multidisciplinary model

Kerr

Liu

Pfaff

et al. 2003

Journal of Environmental Management

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Policy enabling tropical forests to approach their potential contribution to globalclimate-change mitigation requires forecasts of land use and carbon storage on a large scale over long periods. In this paper, we present an integrated modeling methodology that addresses these needs. We model the dynamics of the human land-use system and of C pools contained in each ecosystem, as well as their interactions. The model is national scale, and is currently applied in a preliminary way to Costa Rica using data spanning a period of over fifty years. It combines an ecological process model, parameterized using field and other data, with an economic model, estimated using historical data to ensure a close link to actual behavior. These two models are linked so that ecological conditions affect land-use choices and vice versa. The integrated model predicts land use and its consequences for C storage for policy scenarios. These predictions can be used to create baselines, reward sequestration, and estimate the value in both environmental and economic terms of including C sequestration in tropical forests as part of the efforts to mitigate global climate change. The model can also be used to assess the benefits from costly activities to increase accuracy and thus reduce errors and their societal costs.

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“…West Africa is defined here as the region between the Sahara desert to the north and the Atlantic coast to the south, between 15°W and 15°E. Savannas occupy wide areas of West Africa, as seen in Figure 3, roughly located between 7°a nd 12.5°N [Anderson et al, 1976;Foley et al, 1996].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One experiment is performed only using the biospheric model, and the other is carried out by asynchronous coupling of the biospheric model and distributed hydrologic model. The biospheric model is the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) [Foley et al, 1996] which describes biophysical, physiological, and ecological processes. The distributed hydrologic modeling is performed using Systeme Hydrologique Europeen (SHE) [Abbott et al, 1986a[Abbott et al, , 1988b.…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of topography in facilitating coexistence of trees and grasses within savannas

Kim

Eltahir

2004

Water Resources Research

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[1] The factors and processes that may explain the observed coexistence of trees and grasses in savannas are not well understood. Here we propose a new hypothesis that addresses this issue. We hypothesize that ''variations in elevation at relatively short horizontal scales of $1 km force similar variations in soil moisture and thus create significantly different hydrologic niches within any large area. Under water-limited conditions the relatively wet valleys favor trees, while the relatively dry hills favor grasses. This coexistence of trees and grasses is only possible for a window of climatic conditions that are characteristic of savannas.'' To test this hypothesis, numerical simulations are performed for the region of West Africa using a model that simulates vegetation dynamics, the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), and a distributed hydrologic model, Systeme Hydrologique Europeen (SHE). IBIS is modified to include the groundwater table (GWT) as a lower boundary. The spatial distribution of GWT is simulated by SHE. At 9°N the model simulates trees even when the GWT is assumed to be infinitely deep; at 13°N the model simulates grasses even when the capillary fringe of the GWT reaches the surface. However, for the transitional climate, at 11°N, trees are simulated when the GWT is at $2.5 m from the surface, but grasses are simulated when the GWT is deeper than 2.5 m. These results suggest that the variability of soil moisture forced by topography can be a determinant factor of vegetation distribution within savannas. Furthermore, they confirm that this role of topography can be significant only in a certain climatic window characteristic of savannas.

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An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes, terrestrial carbon balance, and vegetation dynamics

Cited by 1,206 publications

References 98 publications

Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Evapotranspiration and its main controlling mechanism over the desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River Basin

Carbon dynamics and land-use choices: building a regional-scale multidisciplinary model

Role of topography in facilitating coexistence of trees and grasses within savannas

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