An Integrated Biological Analysis and Flow Rate Sensing for the Real-Time Detection of Carcinogen in Water Based on Co²⁺-Doped Optical Fibers

Biomechanical Analysis of Touch Ball Movements in Tennis Forehand Strokes

“…And tennis is a whole-body sport, the power of hitting the ball comes from the lower limbs, and the arm swings through the rotation of the hips and shoulders; when hitting the ball, the upper and lower limbs need to coordinate and cooperate, and any link may affect the quality of the shot. According to the theory of sports training, the learning of technical actions needs to go through four stages: generalization, differentiation, consolidation and improvement, and automation; however, most tennis players in the ordinary group need to correct the details of their movements in the differentiation stage; if it is not corrected or the problems of its own movements cannot be found, the wrong movements will be brought to the next stage in repeated exercises, which will make it difficult to improve the technical level and even cause musculoskeletal joint damage [ 3 ].…”

Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Flow Rate Using a Co2+-Doped Microfiber

“…The temperature characteristics of the Co-MFBGS were tested first by putting the sensor into a chamber whose temperature could be adjusted in the range of 20 Before beginning the LFR measurement experiment, the Co-M using pumped laser powers of 250, 350 and 450 mW at a waveleng Co-MFBGS can be heated by pump laser due to the light absorptio shows the wavelength shift of the core mode (λa) at different pumpe clearly shows that λa has a redshift while increasing pumped sensitivity increases significantly with increasing heating pow temperature of Co-MFBGS is increased, so, when the Co-MFBGS is the heat of Co-MFBGS will be carried away by the flowing liquid, t MFBGS will be decreased, and λa will has a blueshift.…”

“…As the difference of α and γ is very small (<0.00324 K −1 ) [20], Equation ( 11) can be rewritten as…”

“…According to Reference [20], when the LFR changes from 0 to 1 µL/s, ∆λ int (T) is quite small (~0.017 nm)-that is, the wavelength interval shift caused by the effect of LFR can almost be neglected. Consequently, the LRI and LFR can be measured simultaneously using the cladding mode wavelength and core mode wavelength of the Co-MFBGS, respectively, and the crosstalk can be distinguished using the wavelength interval shift.…”

“…The liquid flow rate (LFR) measurement is also a paramount index for many applications, such as medical and biological analysis [20]. In the application of optical fiber biosensors, due to the herringbone microfluidic chip's capture efficiency being highly dependent on the flow rate, its accuracy and efficiency can be significantly improved by the measurement of flow rate [21,22].…”