An integrated approach to trophic assessment of coastal waters incorporating measurement, modelling and water quality classification

Hartnett, Michael; Olbert, Agnieszka Indiana

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.08.012

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…MSN has been extensively tested and validated for experimental and natural test cases (see [21][22][23] for details). (Note: MSN was in turn developed from the hydro-biological model DIVAST (depth integrated velocity and solute transport) [24] which has also been widely used and validated (e.g., [25,26])). MSN_TT was created by modifying MSN to simulate the impacts of tidal turbines and using one-way nesting to resolve the flow between neighbouring turbines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Low-Cost Modelling System for Optimising the Layout of Tidal Turbine Arrays

Olbert

Hartnett

2015

Energies

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Abstract:In the long-term, tidal turbines will most likely be deployed in farms/arrays where energy extraction by one turbine may significantly affect the energy available to another turbine. Given the prohibitive cost of experimental and/or field investigations of such turbine interactions, numerical models can play a significant role in determining the optimum layout of tidal turbine arrays with respect to energy capture. In the present research, a low-cost modelling solution for optimising turbine array layouts is presented and assessed. Nesting is used in a far-field model to telescope spatial resolution down to the scale of the turbines within the turbine array, allowing simulation of the interactions between adjacent turbines as well as the hydrodynamic impacts of individual turbines. The turbines are incorporated as momentum sinks. The results show that the model can compute turbine wakes with similar far-field spatial extents and velocity deficits to those measured in published experimental studies. The results show that optimum spacings for multi-row arrays with regard to power yield are 3-4 rotor diameters (RD) across-stream and 1-4 RD along-stream, and that turbines in downstream rows should be staggered to avoid wake effects of upstream turbines and to make use of the accelerated flows induced by adjacent upstream turbines.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Low-Cost Modelling System for Optimising the Layout of Tidal Turbine Arrays

Olbert

Hartnett

2015

Energies

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“…few larvae born at an advanced stage of development) combined with "r features" as far as the life-style is concerned (e.g. short living, fast-growing animals) as evidenced by Barnes (1980) in invertebrates and by Pérez-Ruzafa et al (2012) in fishes.…”

Section: Hydroecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water renewal time (WRT) was considered as the time required for each element of the domain to replace the mass of a conservative tracer with new water (Cucco and Umgiesser, 2006;Cucco et al, 2009;Ferrarin et al, 2008). Such a transport timescale can be associated with the renewal time concept and is an adequate indicator related to the environmental health of the aquatic system (Abdelrhman, 2005;Plus et al, 2009;Ouillon et al, 2010;Hartnett et al, 2012). The model solves the 3-D advection and diffusion equation to compute the dispersal and fate of the conservative tracer, which is given by…”

Section: Water Renewal Time Return Flow Factor and Openness With Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The horizontal turbulent diffusivity was calculated using the model proposed by Smagorinsky (1963) (1927, 1970, 2002, 2012Cucco and Umgiesser, 2006;Ferrarin et al, 2010a;Ghezzo et al, 2010). The model application for the 1927 scenario could not be validated due to lack of measurements.…”

Section: Simulations Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their evolution depends on the interaction between natural processes, human activities and hydromorphological responses to such activities (Kjerfve and Magill, 1989). Hydrodynamics determine most of the physical and biogeochemical processes affecting coastal and lagoon environments (Viaroli et al, 2007;Pérez-Ruzafa et al, 2007, 2011Roselli et al, 2013). Man-induced hydromorphological modifications can therefore drastically alter the hydraulic forcing and consequently also the ecological status of such a highly dynamic environment (Tagliapietra et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing hydrological effects of human interventions on coastal systems: numerical applications to the Venice Lagoon

Ferrarin

Ghezzo

Umgiesser

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The hydrological consequences of historical, contemporary and future human activities on a coastal system were investigated by means of numerical models. The changes in the morphology of the Lagoon of Venice during the last century result from the sedimentological response to the combined effects of human interventions on the environment and global changes. This study focuses on changes from 1927 to 2012 and includes the changes planned for the protection of the city of Venice from storm surges and exceptional tides under future sea level rise scenarios. The application of a hydrodynamic model allowed for the analysis of the morphological effects on the lagoon circulation, the interaction with the sea and the internal mixing processes. The absolute values of the exchange between the lagoon and sea increased from 1927 to 2002 (from 3900 to 4600 m 3 s −1 ), while the daily fraction of lagoon water volume exchanged decreased. At the same time, the flattening of the lagoon and loss of morphological heterogeneity enhanced the internal mixing processes driven by the tide and wind, reducing thus the overall water renewal time from 11.9 days in 1927 to 10.8 days in 2002. Morphological changes during the last decade reduced the water exchange through the inlets and induced an increase of the basin-wide water renewal time of 0.5 day. In the future, Venice Lagoon will evolve to a more restricted environment due to sea level rise, which increases the lagoon volume, and periodical closure of the lagoon from the sea during flooding events, which reduces the communication with the open sea. Therefore, the flushing capacity of the lagoon will decrease considerably, especially in its central part. Furthermore, some considerations on the impact of the hydromorphological changes on the ecological dynamics are proposed.

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Comparative hydrodynamics of 10 Mediterranean lagoons by means of numerical modeling

Umgiesser

Ferrarin

Cucco

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

179

135

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A comparison study between 10 Mediterranean lagoons has been carried out by means of the 3-D numerical model SHYFEM. The investigated basins are the Venice and Marano-Grado lagoons in the Northern Adriatic Sea, the Lesina and Varano lagoons in the Southern Adriatic Sea, the Taranto basin in the Ionian Sea, the Cabras Lagoon in Sardinia, the Ganzirri and Faro lagoons in Sicily, the Mar Menor in Spain, and the Nador Lagoon in Morocco. This study has been focused on hydrodynamics in terms of exchange rates, transport time scale, and mixing. Water exchange depends mainly on the inlet shape and tidal range, but also on the wind regimes in the case of multi-inlet lagoons. Water renewal time, which is mostly determined by the exchange rate, is a powerful concept that allows lagoons to be characterized with a time scale. In the case of the studied lagoons, the renewal time ranged from few days in the Marano-Grado Lagoon up to 1 year in the case of the Mar Menor. The analysis of the renewal time frequency distribution allows identifying subbasins. The numerical study proved to be a useful tool for the intercomparison and classification of the lagoons. These environments range from a leaky type to a choked type of lagoons and give a representative picture of the lagoons situated around the Mediterranean basin. Mixing efficiency turns out to be a function of the morphological complexity, but also of the forcings acting on the system.

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An integrated approach to trophic assessment of coastal waters incorporating measurement, modelling and water quality classification

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Towards a Low-Cost Modelling System for Optimising the Layout of Tidal Turbine Arrays

Towards a Low-Cost Modelling System for Optimising the Layout of Tidal Turbine Arrays

Assessing hydrological effects of human interventions on coastal systems: numerical applications to the Venice Lagoon

Comparative hydrodynamics of 10 Mediterranean lagoons by means of numerical modeling

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