An Integrated Approach to Hydrographic Surveying of Large Reservoirs—Application to Tarbela Reservoir in Pakistan

Munir, Sarfraz; Armaghan, Muhammad; Babrus, Arsalan

doi:10.4236/ojmh.2014.44015

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…We started our investigation with a subbottom profiling using multibeam echo-sounder coupled with Global Positioning System (Munir et al, 2014). There are a total of 28 different probing paths undertaken (Supplementary Materials, Figure S1) in this study, covering both Sun and Moon Lakes.…”

Section: Subbottom Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution records of anthropogenic activity and geohazards from the reservoir of Sun Moon Lake, Central Taiwan

Chen

Wei

Huang

et al. 2021

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Sun Moon Lake is the first dam reservoir constructed in Taiwan with the capability of generating hydroelectricity satisfying the whole Taiwan need during the Japanese colonial period since 1934 CE. Now, the Sun Moon Lake is one of the biggest hydropower stations in Taiwan and has become an important touring area. During World War II (1944–1945 CE), the hydroelectric power plant at Sun Moon Lake was bombed by the U.S. air force, which caused severe damage to the dam structure. More recently, the dam structure was also damaged during the 1999 CE Chi-Chi earthquake whose epicenter is nearby in the Nantou County. A suite of cores were taken from both Sun Lake and Moon Lake, and two selected cores, Sun 2–1 and SM 16 4–3, from Sun Lake were detailed studied with multiple analyses, including X-ray imaging, magnetic susceptibility, visible spectrophotometry, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning, and mineral analysis. We discovered that the increase of Ca content in the sediments not only clearly indicates when the dam was constructed at Sun Moon Lake but also records evidence of structure repairs after both the World War II bombing and the Chi-Chi earthquake. Additionally, the yellow turbidite, X-ray image, and low-Ca signals in Core Sun 2–1 strongly correlate to the typhoon events that caused severe floods in the watershed of Zhuoshui River. The turbidite layers caused by the 1963 Gloria Typhoon are also characterized by conspicuous high peak of Fe/Mn in both cores. This study shows that XRF scanning results are useful for recognition of human activity and for high precipitation event correlation. Moreover, the appearance of charcoal layers shows evidence of forest burning and slash-and-burn activities by humans during the past 4,000 years back to the Middle Neolithic Age.

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Section: Subbottom Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution records of anthropogenic activity and geohazards from the reservoir of Sun Moon Lake, Central Taiwan

Chen

Wei

Huang

et al. 2021

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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“…After the dead storage region has completely silted over and sediment starts to accumulate in the active storage area, the reservoir starts to lose its capacity to hold water [5]. The benefits of small dams for the environment, society, and economy are adversely affected by the gradual loss of water-storage capacity brought on by sedimentation in dam reservoirs and rising water demand [6]. There is evidence of a consistent increase in reservoir siltation worldwide, posing a threat to reservoir projects and raising questions about the sustainability of both current and future reservoirs [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bathymetric survey and volumetric analysis of Bakolori dam reservoir North West Nigeria

Shuaibu

2024

Afr. Sci. Rep.

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Many approaches have been devised for measuring water depth in bathymetric surveys, which are used to assess sediment deposited directly in lakes and reservoirs. This technique is mostly used to calculate the reservoir's capacity and the amount of sedimentation that occurs there. The results of the volumetric analysis and bathymetric survey of the Bakolori Dam reservoir, which is situated in Northwestern Nigeria, are presented in this work. During this investigation, the differential Global Positioning System receiver (GPS), automatic level measuring tool, echo-sounder, and engine boat were utilized. ArcGis 10.0 was used to analyze the acquired data. In order to evaluate the reservoir capacity loss during the Bakolori reservoir's operating period as of 1983, the designed computed reservoir capacity was compared with the current bathymetry survey. At a spillway crest elevation of 334 meters above mean sea level (amsl), the reservoir's initial capacity is reported as 430 million cubic meters (MCM). However, the capacity has since been revised to 291 meters at the same level, with a volume change of 139,269,495 m3. As a result, the reservoir's volume changed by approximately 139 MCM during a thirty-five (35) year period of service, representing a loss of storage capacity, while the annual siltation rate was around 3,979,128 m3/a. This indicated that 33% of the reservoir's storage capacity had silted up. This is demonstrated by the aquatic weeds that have grown to a height of 334.21 meters on the lake's surface, rising from the lakebed. Therefore, to prevent total siltation, the dam reservoir needs to be adequately dredged.

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“…The modern methods can be used even in difficult to reach sites in any hydrographic area (both shallow and very deep areas), provide real-time data collection, and can help save on time, labour and costs (Table 1). Source: Authors field experience and * Munir et al (2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaleya River Catchment Regional Estimation of Reservoir Capacities Using Sonar and Gis Approaches

Sichingabula¹,

Chisola

Muchanga

et al. 2022

JONAS

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Small reservoirs in arid and semi-arid areas help rural communities to cope with prolonged dry spells. More recently, the construction and operation of small reservoirs has resulted in upstream versus downstream water use conflicts in some river basins. In this regard, bathymetric information could be used as a tool to monitor the available surface water, and minimize or prevent water conflicts. The challenge is that it is difficult to survey a large number of reservoirs using the traditional sounding methods. Despite the availability of new methods of conducting bathymetric surveys, their utilization in Africa is still low, particularly for depth measurements of small reservoirs. This paper presents modern bathymetric survey and analysis techniques applied for quantifying the capacities of small reservoirs, using the case of the Kaleya River Basin in southern Zambia. The objectives of the survey were to: i) create a database of reservoir storage capacities; and ii) introduce an efficient modern approach of monitoring small reservoir storage capacities. A remote controlled Coden hydrographic survey boat equipped with a SONAR device mounted with Trimble OmniSTAR VBS providing DGPS was used to capture and record hydrographic (xyz) data with greater accuracy. Data analysis was done using Surfer 13 Golden software to produce ten contoured bathymetric maps of surveyed reservoirs. From this information, the reservoir capacities were computed, thus providing information on water stored in reservoirs in the basin. It is concluded that the quantification of storage capacity of small reservoirs using SONAR and GIS provides a quicker and cost effective way of obtaining accurate bathymetric data. Such data is important in resolving water use conflicts in river basins and for decision-making in the context of multiple water uses, climate change and or variability.

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An Integrated Approach to Hydrographic Surveying of Large Reservoirs—Application to Tarbela Reservoir in Pakistan

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

High-resolution records of anthropogenic activity and geohazards from the reservoir of Sun Moon Lake, Central Taiwan

High-resolution records of anthropogenic activity and geohazards from the reservoir of Sun Moon Lake, Central Taiwan

Bathymetric survey and volumetric analysis of Bakolori dam reservoir North West Nigeria

Kaleya River Catchment Regional Estimation of Reservoir Capacities Using Sonar and Gis Approaches

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