An instrument for atmospheric detection of NH3 by laser heterodyne radiometry

Zéninari, V.; Parvitte, B.; Courtois, D.; Delahaigue, A.; Thiébeaux, C.

doi:10.1016/s0022-4073(97)00119-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Since the 1970s, laser heterodyne radiometry has become a well established receiver technique [15][16][17][18][19] and has been used to measure atmospheric gases such as ozone (O 3 ) [20,21], water vapor (H 2 O) [22], methane (CH 4 ) [22], ammonia (NH 3 ) [23], and chlorine monoxide (ClO-an atmospheric free radical) [24], with efforts for additional species such as nitrous oxide (N 2 O) underway. We present a passive variation of the laser heterodyne radiometer that uses sunlight as the light source for absorption of CO 2 in the infrared.…”

Section: Background Of Laser Heterodyne Radiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

et al. 2013

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We have developed a low-cost, miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for highly sensitive measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the atmospheric column. In this passive design, sunlight that has undergone absorption by CO 2 in the atmosphere is collected and mixed with continuous wave laser light that is step-scanned across the absorption feature centered at 1,573.6 nm. The resulting radio frequency beat signal is collected as a function of laser wavelength, from which the total column mole fraction can be de-convolved. We are expanding this technique to include methane (CH 4) and carbon monoxide (CO), and with minor modifications, this technique can be expanded to include species such as water vapor (H 2 O) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O).

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Section: Background Of Laser Heterodyne Radiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

et al. 2013

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“…The science payload, a laser heterodyne radiometer (LHR), leverages earlier work on a ground-based LHR that observes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and methane (CH 4 ) in the atmospheric column [2][3][4][5][6]. Laser heterodyne radiometry has been used to measure gases in the atmosphere since the early 1970s [7][8][9][10][11][12] but the lasers used in these earlier versions were large, expensive, and required high voltage-power supplies and pumped cooling systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiniCarb: a passive, occultation-viewing, 6U CubeSat for observations of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂O

Wilson¹,

Riot²,

DiGregorio³

et al. 2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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We present the final design, environmental testing, and launch history of MiniCarb, a 6U CubeSat developed through a partnership between NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. MiniCarb’s science payload, developed at Goddard, was an occultation-viewing, passive laser heterodyne radiometer for observing methane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor in Earth’s atmosphere at ∼1.6 µm s−1. MiniCarb’s satellite, developed at Livermore, implemented their CubeSat Next Generation Bus plug-and-play architecture to produce a modular platform that could be tailored to a range of science payloads. Following the launch on 5 December 2019, MiniCarb traveled to the International Space Station and was set into orbit on 1 February 2020 via Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus capsule which deployed MiniCarb with tipoff rotation of about 20° s−1 (significantly higher than the typical rate of 3° s−1 from prior CubeSats), from which the attitude control system was unable to recover resulting in a loss of power. In spite of this early failure, MiniCarb had many successes including rigorous environmental testing, successful deployment of its solar panels, and a successful test of the radio and communication through the Iridium network. This prior work and enticing cost (approximately $2 M for the satellite and $250 K for the payload) makes MiniCarb an ideal candidate for a low-cost and rapid rebuild as a single orbiter or constellation to globally observe key greenhouse gases.

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Autonomous field measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column with the miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (Mini-LHR)

et al. 2015

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We present column CO2 measurements taken by the passive miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (Mini-LHR) at 1611.51 nm at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. The Mini-LHR was operated autonomously, during the month of May 2013 at this site, working in tandem with an AERONET sun photometer that measures aerosol optical depth at 15-min intervals during daylight hours. Laser heterodyne radiometry has been used since the 1970s to measure atmospheric gases such as ozone, water vapor, methane, ammonia, chlorine monoxide, and nitrous oxide. This iteration of the technology utilizes distributed feedback lasers to produce a low-cost, small, portable sensor that has potential for global deployment. Applications of this instrument include supplementation of existing monitoring networks to provide denser global coverage, providing validation for larger satellite missions, and targeting regions of carbon flux uncertainty. Also presented here are preliminary retrieval analysis and the performance analysis that demonstrate that the Mini-LHR responds extremely well to changes in the atmospheric absorption.

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An instrument for atmospheric detection of NH3 by laser heterodyne radiometry

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

MiniCarb: a passive, occultation-viewing, 6U CubeSat for observations of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂O

Autonomous field measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column with the miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (Mini-LHR)

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An instrument for atmospheric detection of NH3 by laser heterodyne radiometry

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

Miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer for measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column

MiniCarb: a passive, occultation-viewing, 6U CubeSat for observations of CO2, CH4, and H2O

Autonomous field measurements of CO2 in the atmospheric column with the miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (Mini-LHR)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

MiniCarb: a passive, occultation-viewing, 6U CubeSat for observations of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂O