An Institution from the Western Middle Ages to the Present: Bethlem/Bedlam Mental Hospital (Turkish)

Abstract

The Bethlem Mental Hospital is an institution that has continued its existence from the Western Middle Ages to today. Therefore, it is thought that it will provide information about the evolutionary development of the Western medicine thought. This institution dates back to 1247 and was established as a monastery. It is an example of intertwining the Middle Age and early modern medicine and religious items. Although it evolved in a more secular direction over time, it is possible to say that it differs from new organizations as it's a charitable organization and continues the function of public service. The institution, which undergone locality changes over time, was also functionally transformed at the same time. This institution, which sustained its uninterrupted and prolonged existence, attracted interest in areas such as art and literature but negative myths often arose about it. Especially since the middle of the 19th century, it's medical authority increased, and accordingly, its prestige increased. In the article, historical development of the institution, it's functional transformation, interests in fields such as art and literature have been tried to be expressed in general terms.