An instantaneous approach for determining the infrared emissivity of swine surface and the influencing factors

Zhang, Kun; Jiao, Leizi; Zhao, Xue; Dong, Daming

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.03.003

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For this reason, we strongly encourage authors to provide sources for emissivity values chosen. As certain biological targets can be hard to measure emissivity from, particularly when delicate or hard to access, papers providing information on biological tissue emissivity [38,41–44,102] should be encouraged as they will help biological thermographers make more informed parameter choices and be more precise in their measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reporting of thermography parameters in biology: a systematic review of thermal imaging literature

et al. 2018

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Infrared (IR) thermography, where temperature measurements are made with IR cameras, has proven to be a very useful and widely used tool in biological science. Several thermography parameters are critical to the proper operation of thermal cameras and the accuracy of measurements, and these must usually be provided to the camera. Failure to account for these parameters may lead to less accurate measurements. Furthermore, the failure to provide information of parameter choices in reports may compromise appraisal of accuracy and replicate studies. In this review, we investigate how well biologists report thermography parameters. This is done through a systematic review of biological thermography literature that included articles published between years 2007 and 2017. We found that in primary biological thermography papers, which make some kind of quantitative temperature measurement, 48% fail to report values used for emissivity (an object's capacity to emit thermal radiation relative to a black body radiator), which is the minimum level of reporting that should take place. This finding highlights the need for life scientists to take into account and report key parameter information when carrying out thermography, in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reporting of thermography parameters in biology: a systematic review of thermal imaging literature

et al. 2018

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“…After the reading became stable, the air temperature and rectum temperature were both recorded. The IRT temperature range was set at −20-80 • C, and the emissivity was 0.97 [24,25]. The images were taken 0.3 m away from the ROI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Contact Evaluation of Pigs’ Body Temperature Incorporating Environmental Factors

Jia

Meng

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Internal body temperature is the gold standard for the fever of pigs, however non-contact infrared imaging technology (IRT) can only measure the skin temperature of regions of interest (ROI). Therefore, using IRT to detect the internal body temperature should be based on a correlation model between the ROI temperature and the internal temperature. When heat exchange between the ROI and the surroundings makes the ROI temperature more correlated with the environment, merely depending on the ROI to predict the internal temperature is unreliable. To ensure a high prediction accuracy, this paper investigated the influence of air temperature and humidity on ROI temperature, then built a prediction model incorporating them. The animal test includes 18 swine. IRT was employed to collect the temperatures of the backside, eye, vulva, and ear root ROIs; meanwhile, the air temperature and humidity were recorded. Body temperature prediction models incorporating environmental factors and the ROI temperature were constructed based on Back Propagate Neural Net (BPNN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Regression (SVR). All three models yielded better results regarding the maximum error, minimum error, and mean square error (MSE) when the environmental factors were considered. When environmental factors were incorporated, SVR produced the best outcome, with the maximum error at 0.478 °C, the minimum error at 0.124 °C, and the MSE at 0.159 °C. The result demonstrated the accuracy and applicability of SVR as a prediction model of pigs′ internal body temperature.

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“…As heat emissivity for live pigs varies among the different anatomical regions [28], the IR camera was set up at an emissivity of 0.95 which is the average value calculated on the range of 0.93 to 0.98 reported in the literature for biological tissue surface temperature [21,28,29,30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Anatomical Sites for the Measurement of Infrared Body Surface Temperature Variation in Response to Handling and Transport

Rocha

Devillers

Maldague

et al. 2019

Animals

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This study aimed at validating the anatomical sites for the measurement of infrared (IR) body surface temperature as a tool to monitor the pigs’ response to handling and transport stress. The selected anatomical sites were the neck (infrared neck temperature—IRNT), rump (infrared rump temperature—IRRT), orbital (infrared orbital temperature—IROT) and behind ears (infrared behind ears temperature—IRBET) regions. A total of 120 pigs were handled from the finishing pen to the loading dock through a handling test course. Two handling types (gentle vs. rough) and number of laps (1 vs. 3) were applied according to a 2 × 2 factorial design. After loading, pigs were transported for 40 min and returned to their home pens. Animal behavior, heart rate, rectal temperature and salivary cortisol concentration were measured for validation. Increased IR body temperature, heart rate and salivary cortisol levels were observed in response to rough handling and longer distance walk (P < 0.05 for all). The greatest correlations were found between IROT and IRBET temperatures and salivary cortisol concentration at the end of the handling test (r = 0.49 and r = 0.50, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). Therefore, IR pig’s head surface temperature may be useful for a comprehensive assessment of the physiological response to handling and transport stress.

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An instantaneous approach for determining the infrared emissivity of swine surface and the influencing factors

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Reporting of thermography parameters in biology: a systematic review of thermal imaging literature

Reporting of thermography parameters in biology: a systematic review of thermal imaging literature

Non-Contact Evaluation of Pigs’ Body Temperature Incorporating Environmental Factors

Validation of Anatomical Sites for the Measurement of Infrared Body Surface Temperature Variation in Response to Handling and Transport

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