An insight into the implementation of the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance in the WHO African region: A roadmap for action

Iwu, Chidozie Declan; Patrick, Sean

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106411

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A high number of East African countries was found to be undertaking AMR surveillance in human and animal pathogens. 193 , 194 Southern African countries were found to have the highest rate of developing antimicrobial stewardship guidelines and antimicrobial legislation. Although most SSA countries have developed or are in the process of developing NAPs on AMR, Guinea and Angola were reported to be missing NAPs on AMR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, elsewhere, Mozambique was found to have inadequate implementation of NAPs, especially in collaboration with different sectors. 194 According to the findings of a study by Iwu and Patrick, the performance of SSA countries in the different thematic areas of the GAP was 38±12% in awareness creation and training, 18±13% in surveillance, 33±13% in prevention and control infections, 28±23% in optimal use of antimicrobial agents, and 59±12% in multisector and One Health collaboration. 194 In several SSA countries, including Kenya, the Fleming Fund 195 has greatly facilitated the implementation of the NAPs, especially raising awareness, ensuring an expanded antimicrobial stewardship framework to optimize antimicrobial use, increase AMR and antimicrobial use surveillance, monitoring, and data sharing, and the implementation of infection control and prevention strategies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The multisectoral collaboration ought to involve governments, healthcare workers, researchers, academicians, veterinarians, farmers, and the private sector. 194 However, owing to the absence of coordinating agencies, coordination among the different sectors is problematic. One of the challenges identified in the implementation of NAPs in Mozambique was the poor collaboration between the different sectors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Kariuki¹,

Kering²,

Wairimu³

et al. 2022

IDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Although antimicrobials have traditionally been used to treat infections and improve health outcomes, resistance to commonly used antimicrobials has posed a major challenge. An estimated 700,000 deaths occur globally every year as a result of infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) also contributes directly to the decline in the global economy. In 2019, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had the highest mortality rate (23.5 deaths per 100,000) attributable to AMR compared to other regions. Methods We searched PubMed for articles relevant to AMR in pathogens in the WHO-GLASS list and in other infections of local importance in SSA. In this review, we focused on AMR rates and surveillance of AMR for these priority pathogens and some of the most encountered pathogens of public health significance. In addition, we reviewed the implementation of national action plans to mitigate against AMR in countries in SSA. Results and Discussion The SSA region is disproportionately affected by AMR, in part owing to the prevailing high levels of poverty, which result in a high burden of infectious diseases, poor regulation of antimicrobial use, and a lack of alternatives to ineffective antimicrobials. The global action plan as a strategy for prevention and combating AMR has been adopted by most countries, but fewer countries are able to fully implement country-specific action plans, and several challenges exist in many settings. Conclusion A concerted One Health approach will be required to ramp up implementation of action plans in the region. In addition to AMR surveillance, effective implementation of infection prevention and control, water, sanitation, and hygiene, and antimicrobial stewardship programs will be key cost-effective strategies in helping to tackle AMR.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Kariuki¹,

Kering²,

Wairimu³

et al. 2022

IDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A comprehensive assessment of implementation of the global action plan (GAP) on antimicrobial resistance in the African region of the World Health Organization concluded that the overall implementation is inadequate, and that individual indicators showed a lack of progress, calling for urgent action [ 1 ]. The Global Leaders Group (GLG) on Antimicrobial Resistance also issued a call to protect the environment from antimicrobial pollution [ 2 ].…”

Section: Opinionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating one health antibiotic stewards to bridge translational science gaps in the global action plan

Ogunseitan

2022

One Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, in low and middle income countries (LMIC), major gaps exist ranging from limited expertise, infrastructure, investment and lack of institutional microbiologic diagnostic capabilities [7,8]. In addition, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have not prioritized AMR preparedness and implementation of the global action plan to tackle AMR [9,10]. Furthermore, IPC measures to reduce hospital associated infections and antimicrobial resistance surveillance are fundamental for an integrated health system strengthening approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing an antibiogram profile to aid rational antimicrobial therapy and improving infection prevention in an urban hospital in The Gambia; strategies and lessons for low income and middle-income countries

Darboe

Mirasol

Adejuyigbe

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Diagnostic microbiological capabilities remain a challenge in low- and middle-income countries resulting in major gaps. The global antimicrobial resistance burden has necessitated use of appropriate prescribing to curb the menace. This study highlights the process used to develop an antibiogram to monitor resistance at a secondary-level health facility to aid empirical clinical decision making. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study used 3 years of cumulative data at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia from January 2016 to December 2018. Phenotypic data was manually imputed into WHONET and the cumulative antibiogram constructed using standardised methodologies according to CLSI M39-A4 guidelines. Pathogens were identified by standard microbiological methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI M100 guidelines. Results: A total of 14776 non-duplicate samples (blood cultures n=4382, urines n=4914, other miscellaneous swabs and aspirates n=2821 and n=390 respectively, sputa n=334, stools n=1463, CSF 353 and other samples n= 119) were processed of which 1163 (7.9%) were positive for clinically significant pathogens. Among the 1163 pathogens, E. coli (n= 315) S. aureus (n=232), and K. pneumoniae (n=96) were the leading cause of disease Overall, the susceptibility for E. coli and K. pneumoniae from all samples were: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (17% and 28%), tetracycline (26% and 33%), gentamicin (72% and 46%), chloramphenicol (76 and 60%), and ciprofloxacin (69% and 59%), amoxicillin/clavulanic (77% and 54%) respectively. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase resistance was present in 23% (71/315) vs 35% (34/96) respectively. S. aureus susceptibility for methicillin was 99%. Conclusion: This antibiogram has confirmed susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobials was higher for E. coli than K. pneumoniae with high ESBL resistance warranting surveillance. An alternative aminoglycoside with better sensitivity such as amikacin might be relevant although this was not tested and that cloxacillin remains a drug of choice for the Staphylococci.

show abstract

An insight into the implementation of the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance in the WHO African region: A roadmap for action

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now?

Cultivating one health antibiotic stewards to bridge translational science gaps in the global action plan

Implementing an antibiogram profile to aid rational antimicrobial therapy and improving infection prevention in an urban hospital in The Gambia; strategies and lessons for low income and middle-income countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About