An Insight into Diversity and Functionalities of Gut Microbiota in Insects

Wang, Shengchen; Wang, Luyi; Fan, Xinye; Yu, Chan; Feng, Liang; Li, Yang

doi:10.1007/s00284-020-02084-2

Cited by 50 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Gut microbiota play important roles in host nutrition, given the limited digestion capacity of lepidopteran insect intestines ( Engel and Moran, 2013 ; Jang and Kikuchi, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ). Due to most of the gut bacteria are non-culturable for now; metagenomic sequencing technology provides a new possibility to predict the potential functions of the gut microbiota ( Chen et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Li¹,

Han²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Intestinal bacterial flora plays an important role in the nutrition, physiology, and behavior of herbivorous insects. The composition of gut microbiota may also be affected by the food consumed. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is an oligophagous pest, feeds on rice leaves almost exclusively and causes serious damage to rice in Asian countries. Using antibiotic treatment and metagenome sequencing, we investigated the influence of the food sources (rice and maize seedlings) on the structure and functions of intestinal bacteria of C. medinalis. Firstly, food utilization indices, relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), were all significantly adversely affected in the antibiotic treatment eliminating gut bacteria, showing that the microbiota loading in the gut were essential for the larva growth and development of C. medinalis. Further, metagenome sequencing revealed that different diets caused a variation in gut microbiota composition of C. medinalis, indicating that the gut microbiota were in part driven by the diet provided. However, the larvae of C. medinalis hosted a core microbial community in the gut, which was independent from the diets changing. The dominant bacteria in the two feeding groups were highly consistent in the gut of C. medinalis larvae, with the gut bacterial community dominated by Firmicutes at the phylum level, Enterococcus at the genus level, Enterococcus sp. FDAARGOS-375, E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum, and E. sp. CR-Ec1 accounted for more than 96% of the gut microbiota. Functional prediction analysis demonstrated that gut bacteria encoded a series of metabolism-related enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis. Carbohydrate metabolism was the most enriched function in both groups and was more abundant in rice feeding group than in maize feeding group. The core dominant Enterococcus species possessed complete pathways of 14 carbohydrates metabolism, 11 amino acids biosynthesis, and two vitamins synthesize, implied to contribute an essential role to the nutrition intake and development of C. medinalis. Finally, the study may provide an in-depth analysis of the symbiont-host co-adaptation and new insights into the management of C. medinalis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Li¹,

Han²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Methylophaga and Polycyclovorans have been reported to play roles on the degradation of hexose and pentose oligomers. The decrease of Methylophaga and Polycyclovorans may limit the utilization of carbon sources for brine shrimp and therefore slow down its growth rate ( Wang et al, 2020 ). In addition, studies have shown that the uncontrolled augmentation of Proteobacteria can facilitate inflammation or invasion by exogenous pathogens ( Shin et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Microplastics on the Growth and the Intestinal Microbiota Composition of Brine Shrimp

Chen

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and can be frequently ingested by zooplankton, leading to various effects. Brine shrimp (Artemia parthenogenetica) has an important role in the energy flow through trophic levels in different seawater systems. In this work, the influence of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) MPs on the growth of brine shrimp and corresponding changes of gut microbiota were investigated. Our results showed that the MPs remarkably reduced the growth rate of brine shrimp, and the two types of MPs have different impacts. The average body length of brine shrimps was reduced by 17.92 and 14.95% in the PE group and PS group, respectively. MPs are mainly found in the intestine, and their exposure evidently affects the gut microbiota. By using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, 32 phyla of bacteria were detected in the intestine, and the microbiome consisted mainly of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. MPs’ exposure significantly increased the gut microbial diversity. For the PE group, the proportion of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased by 45.26 and 2.73%, respectively. For the PS group, it was 54.95 and 1.27%, respectively. According to the analysis on genus level, the proportions of Ponticoccus, Seohaeicola, Polycyclovorans, and Methylophaga decreased by 46.38, 1.24, 1.07, and 2.66%, respectively, for the PE group and 57.87, 1.43, 0.88, and 2.24%, respectively, for the PS group. In contrast, the proportions of Stappia, Microbacterium, and Dietzia increased by 1.12, 23.27, and 11.59%, respectively, for the PE group, and 1.09, 3.79, and 42.96%, respectively, for the PS group. These experimental results demonstrated that the ingestion of MPs by brine shrimp can alter the composition of the gut microbiota and lead to a slow growth rate. This study provides preliminary data support for understanding the biotoxicity of MPs to invertebrate zooplankton and is conducive to the further risk assessment of MP exposure.

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“…involvement in metabolic and immune diseases generation and progression is presented by another group (Alemao et al 2021) The gut microbiome composition in humans is similar to the one found in apes but have changes in composition and became less diverse since the evolutionary split from Pan (Moeller et al 2014). In addition to vertebrates and humans, some insects have a diverse and complex gut microbiome that play very important roles (Jing et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). Microbial communities associated with termites can constitute a majority of the weight of the individuals and perform important roles in the digestion of lignocelluloses and nitrogen fixation (Brune 2014).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community in human gut: a therapeutic prospect and implication in health and diseases

Dwivedi

Powali

Rastogi

et al. 2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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The interest in the working and functionality of the human gut microbiome has increased drastically over the years. Though the existence of gut microbes has long been speculated for long over the last few decades, a lot of research has sprung up in studying and understanding the role of gut microbes in the human digestive tract. The microbes present in the gut are highly instrumental in maintaining the metabolism in the body. Further research is going on in this field to understand how gut microbes can be employed as potential sources of novel therapeutics, moreover, probiotics have also elucidated Accepted ArticleThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved their significant place in this direction. As regards the clinical perspective, microbes can be engineered to afford defense mechanisms while interacting with foreign pathogenic bodies. More investigations in this field may assist us to evaluate and understand how these cells communicate with human cells and promote immune interactions. Here we elaborate on the possible implication of human gut microbiota into the immune system as well as explore the probiotics in the various human ailments. Comprehensive information on the human gut microbiome at the same platform may contribute affectively to our understanding of the human microbiome and possible mechanisms of associated human diseases.

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An Insight into Diversity and Functionalities of Gut Microbiota in Insects

Cited by 50 publications

References 90 publications

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

The Gut Microbiota Composition of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Their Predicted Contribution to Larval Nutrition

Influence of Microplastics on the Growth and the Intestinal Microbiota Composition of Brine Shrimp

Microbial community in human gut: a therapeutic prospect and implication in health and diseases

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