An Innovative Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete by Applying the Strut-and-Tie Methodology

Liao, Wen-Chieh; Chen, Po-Shao; Hung, Chung-Wen; Wagh, Suyash

doi:10.3390/ma13122776

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Only the analysis and design of B-regions can proceed on a sectional basis for which plane sections remain plane, whereas the analysis and design of D-regions must proceed on a regional basis. Some of the many references are [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Statement Of the Issue Being Addressedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Concentrated Loads Using Externally Bonded Fiber Composite Materials

Foraboschi

2022

Materials

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Renovation, restoration, remodeling, refurbishment, and the retrofitting of buildings often imply applying forces (i.e., concentrated loads) to beams that before were subjected to distributed loads only. In the case of reinforced concrete structures, the new condition causes a beam to bear a concentrated load with the crack pattern that resulted from the distributed loads which had acted before. If the concentrated load is applied at or near the beam’s midspan, the new shear demand reaches the maximum where cracks are vertical or quasi-vertical, and where inclined bars are not common according to any standards. So, the actual shear capacity can be substantially lower than new shear demand due to the concentrated load. This paper focuses on reinforced concrete beams whose load distribution has to be changed from distributed to concentrated and presents a design method to bring the beam’s shear capacity up to the new demand. The method consists of applying fiber composites (fiber-reinforced polymers or fiber-reinforced cementitious material) with fibers at an angle of 45° bonded to the beam’s web. This kind of external reinforcement arrangement has to comply with some practical measures, which are presented as well. The paper also provides the analytical model that predicts the concentrated load-carrying capacity of a beam in the strengthened state. The model accounts for the crack’s verticality, which nullifies the contributions of steel stirrups, aggregate interlock, and dowel action, and for the effective bond length of each fiber, which depends on the distance between the ends of the fiber and the crack it crosses.

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Section: Statement Of the Issue Being Addressedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Concentrated Loads Using Externally Bonded Fiber Composite Materials

Foraboschi

2022

Materials

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“…However, research is still looking for simple and adequate test methods which could be applied in practice. The new method of testing tensile strength of concrete has been recently proposed by Resan et al [ 20 ] and Liao et al [ 21 ].…”

Section: Materials and Methods Tensile Strength Of Concrete—test Methods And Size Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Length Effect at Testing Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete

Słowik

Akram

2021

Materials

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Tensile strength of concrete is the basic property when estimating the cracking resistance of the structure and when analysing fracture processes in concrete. The most common way of testing tensile strength is the Brazilian method. It has been noticed that the shape and size of specimens influence the tensile splitting strength. The experiments were performed to investigate the impact of cylinder’s length on tensile concrete strength received in the Brazilian method. During the experiment the tensile concrete strength was tested on two different sizes cylindrical specimens: 150 mm × 150 mm and 150 mm × 300 mm. Experiments were performed in two stages, with two types of maximum aggregate size: 16 mm and 22 mm. The software “Statistica” was used to perform the broad scale statistical analysis. When comparing test results for shorter and longer specimens, the increase of tensile splitting strength tested on shorter cylinders was observed (approximately 5%). However, when performing deeper statistical analysis, it has been found that the length effect was not sensitive to the strength of the cement matrix and the type of aggregate but was influenced by the aggregate size. Further experiments are needed in order to perform a multi-parameter statistical analysis of scale effect when testing the splitting tensile strength of concrete.

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“…The experimental determination of tensile strength has been the subject of recent research (e.g., [8,9]), and several indirect and direct testing methods exist. Uniaxial concrete tensile strength is determined most effectively using a direct (uniaxial) tensile test (Figure 4).…”

Section: Distribution Of Tensile Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Crack Propagation in Reinforced Concrete Elements

2021

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The crack widths in reinforced concrete structures are affected by various influencing parameters, such as the tensile strength of the concrete, which is a highly variable parameter. While safe predictions of crack widths are possible with the existing models supplied in the code provisions accompanied by suitable safety factors, there are large discrepancies between the experimentally measured crack widths and the calculated values. Even within a uniaxial tensile test on reinforced concrete components, several crack parameters (spacings and widths) are usually measured. To further investigate the effects of scattering input parameters on the distribution of crack parameters, a crack propagation model (CPM) is developed, which is a powerful tool that can be used to observe sequential cracking of uniaxially loaded reinforced concrete components. In the present paper, the background of the scattering of the concrete tensile strength will be explained and the procedure for the simulation in the CPM, including the investigation of different bond–slip relationships, will be introduced. Finally, the CPM will be used to calculate experimental crack parameters and the distribution of the calculated crack parameters will be discussed.

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An Innovative Test Method for Tensile Strength of Concrete by Applying the Strut-and-Tie Methodology

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Concentrated Loads Using Externally Bonded Fiber Composite Materials

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Concentrated Loads Using Externally Bonded Fiber Composite Materials

Length Effect at Testing Splitting Tensile Strength of Concrete

Simulation of Crack Propagation in Reinforced Concrete Elements

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