An innovative anaesthesia machine: the closed system

Abstract

Modern feedback controlled ventilators allow the application of closed system anaesthesia as a safe and economic technique for routine clinical practice.

Closed-loop Helium Circulation System for Actuation of a Continuously Operating Heart Catheter Pump

“…Among related pneumatic circulations on the market, anesthesia machines most closely resemble the intended use of the AHP's gas circulation. These machines take advantage of the closed-loop gas circulation in order to control the narcosis state of the patient, while at the same time preventing the loss of anesthetic agent (5). The anesthetic is mixed with other gases at the entry stage to the circulation, where its concentration is supervised and adjusted by a control system.…”

Low flow, minimal flow and closed circuit system inhalational anesthesia in modern clinical practice

“…After tracheal intubation, as a consequence of upper airway bypass, the isothermic point is shifted down about 10 cm, in a bronchial region not suited to deal with dry and cold gases and not able to physiologically condition the respiratory mixture. (6,7,8) As a consequence of these pathophysiological changes, combined with the cold and dry medical gases coming from the pipeline distribution system, two types of consequences occur: -body temperature reduction: caused by an increased heat loss from the large part of lung tissue exposed to a cold and dry breathing mixture. This effect is amplified by the peripheral vasodilatation caused by anesthetic agents and by muscle paralysis, which prevents muscle's thermogenous function compensation -inadequate airway humidification and consequent damage of bronchial mucosa depends on duration and intensity of humidity alteration.…”

A Comparison of Consumption and Recovery Profiles According to Anaesthetic Circuit Mode using a New Multifunctional Closed-Circuit Anaesthesia System during Desflurane Anaesthesia: A Clinical Study

“…Closed-circuit (CC) anaesthesia has been practiced in the clinical arena for decades. 1,2 Compared with conventional semi-closed circuit (SCC) anaesthesia, the use of a CC or low-flow technique has become increasingly popular and has several advantages, including lower consumption of inhalational anaesthetics and decreased environmental contamination. 3,4 However, this method does JY Park, HW Shin, SK Jeon et al…”