An Innovative Adaptive Droop Control Based on Available Energy for DC Micro Distribution Grids

Abstract

DC distribution grids are increasingly a promising solution for wind and solar integration due to good matching with DC output voltage such as photovoltaic (PV) array systems, distributed battery storage systems (BESS) and electric vehicles. To overcome the control problems involving coordination control schemes of multi-BESSs in real-time as well as operation strategies of DC grids in the long-term, this paper presents the effective adaptive coordinated droop control of multi-battery energy storage systems (MBESSs) in DC distribution grids. The adaptive coordinated droop is proposed according to the available energy levels in BESSs. With the proposed method, the dual-objectives, which are stabilization of DC voltages especially through disturbance for instance outage of BESS and enhancement of State of Charge (SOC)-balance speed among BESSs, can be achieved. Analytical derivations are established to investigate the impacts of the adaptive method. Meanwhile, the influence of the proposed method on the stability is presented.

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“…The proposed algorithm can help increasing the penetration rate of both E2Ws and PV power and can indirectly lighten the adverse impacts on the microgrid and reduce the need of grid upgradation or reinforcement. In our future studies, we will further carry out research on the optimal control methods based on the available energy of distributed-mobile storage EVs as in [25][26][27][28].…”

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“…Additionally, it is possible to facilitate the integration and complementary of VREs through the interconnection of spatially distributed generators or the use of complementary generators, operations that apply monitoring or response to demand, oversizing of storage systems with hydrogen, the use of electric vehicles as storage concept [161], generation prediction [33], or adaptive droop control [162].…”

“…Chaib et al [169] presented a control system that coupled the wind and solar systems through two switches that converge on a DC bus. In the same aim, Huu [162] developed an adaptive control for a storage system for DC distribution networks. The authors introduced DC distribution micro-grids, the conventional droop control method, the battery storage system model, and the adaptive droop method.…”