An initial evaluation of newly proposed biomarker of zinc status in humans - linoleic acid: dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (LA:DGLA) ratio

Knez, Marija; Stangoulis, James; Zec, Manja; Debeljak-Martačić, Jasmina; Pavlović, Zoran; Gurinović, Mirjana; Glibetić, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.06.013

Cited by 34 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…As with earlier findings [80,81] in our study no relationships were found between the statuses of trace elements with age. The increasing concentration of plasma Zn was associated with higher BMI and weight, similar to previous reports [33,82,83]. Yu et al [61] reported comparable results in metabolic syndrome patients, higher serum Zn levels in those with higher weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The low plasma Zn concentrations were also seen in obese individuals, those with hypertension and type 2 diabetes [57,58]. Fe and Cu status data were within the estimated reference ranges for adult population, and similar to the values reported elsewhere [33,59]. The highest concentrations of Cu were seen in people with the lowest levels of plasma Zn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Additionally, due to the presence of slight inflammation there may be change in the protein Zn-binding capacities [73]. Furthermore, the plasma Zn status did not correlate with dietary Zn intake, which is expected [33,74]. Sixty-five percent of our study sample did not meet dietary Zn requirements, which certainly contributed to low plasma Zn concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Trace elements have a role in FA metabolism. Zn is a cofactor for desaturases and elongases in endogenous FA synthesis [30][31][32][33][34][35], so the alterations in plasma levels of Zn possibly influence the activities of these enzymes and consequently the regulation of FA metabolism. Serum concentrations of Zn and Fe correlated with serum PUFA concentrations and activities of certain desaturases [36][37][38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the role of micronutrients in dyslipidemia warrants further research. Linoleic/dihomo-gama-linolenic acid (LA:DGLA) ratio is linked with dietary Zn intakes and this ratio has been proposed as a novel biomarker of Zn status in both animals and humans [32,33,35,39]. The predictive potential of this ratio has not been investigated in dyslipidemic subjects so far.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Is There a Link between Zinc Intake and Status with Plasma Fatty Acid Profile and Desaturase Activities in Dyslipidemic Subjects?

et al. 2019

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The prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia has increased worldwide. The role of trace elements in the pathogenesis of these conditions is not well understood. This study examines the relationship between dietary zinc (Zn) intake and plasma concentrations of Zn, copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) with lipid profile indicators, fatty acid composition in plasma phospholipids and desaturase enzyme activities in a dyslipidemic population. The role of the newly proposed biomarker of Zn status, the linoleic:dihomo-gama-linolenic acid (LA:DGLA) ratio, in predicting Zn status of dyslipidemic subjects has been explored. The study included 27 dyslipidemic adults, 39-72 years old. Trace elements were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and fatty acid composition by a liquid gas chromatography. Desaturase activities were calculated from product-precursor fatty acid ratios. Dietary data were obtained using 24 h recall questionnaires. Insufficient dietary intake of Zn, low plasma Zn concentrations and an altered Cu:Zn ratio is related to modified fatty acid profile in subjects with dyslipidemia. Plasma Zn status was associated with obesity. There was no correlation between dietary Zn intake and plasma Zn status. The LA:DGLA ratio was inversely linked to dietary Zn intake. Cu, in addition to Zn, may directly or indirectly, affect the activity of desaturase enzymes. region of Europe (54% for both sexes). Successful treatment of dyslipidemia significantly reduces morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases [7]. Basically 10% reduction in serum lipid levels has been reported to result in a 50% reduction in heart disease within 5 years [1].Trace elements have crucial roles in metabolism, growth, immunological and neurological functions [8][9][10]. Zinc (Zn) is required for an adequate activity of more than 300 enzymes involved in protein synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, reproduction and oxidative clearance [11]. Iron (Fe) is needed for proper oxygen transport, while copper (Cu) is important for the oxido-reduction and detoxification and is involved in growth, development of cellular elements of arterial walls, lipoprotein metabolism and immune function [9,12,13]. The concentrations of serum/plasma minerals Zn, Cu and Fe are associated with the development of chronic diseases [10,14,15]. Deficiency in microelements leads to an increase in fat deposition and obesity [16]. Hypoferremia is often seen in people suffering from hypertension and plasma Zn concentrations have been directly correlated with total cholesterol and LDL-C levels [15,17]. Zn, Cu and Fe plasma levels are related to the extent of myocardial damage [18]. Epidemiological studies show a direct correlation between low plasma Zn and Fe concentrations and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases [19]. Elevated plasma levels of Cu were reported in patients with coronary artery disease [20]. Although deficiencies of trace elements may alter metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, the mechanism of their action is not yet completely understood. The fatty acid (FA)...

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