An Infrared Defect Sizing Method Based on Enhanced Phase Images

Wei, Yanjie; Su, Zhilong; Mao, Shuangshuang; Zhang, Dongsheng

doi:10.3390/s20133626

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, defects with a diameter of 5 mm at a depth of 2 mm and defects with a diameter of 2.5 mm at a depth of 1.5 mm were detected, which results in a depth-to-diameter ratio of 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Wei et al have achieved similar results by the combination of long-pulse thermography and PCA on a GFRP plate modified with flat bottom holes [16]. Panella et al performed a case study on a GFRP plate modified with various flat bottom holes by using long-pulse thermography with halogen lamps as excitation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Due to the lateral heat transfer that takes place in the material between the surface and the defect, a defect with a depth-to-diameter ratio of ≥1 is considered to be barely detectable. In most experimental investigations, flat and uncoated reference objects (GFRP and CFRP) modified with flat bottom holes were studied [15][16][17][18] to reduce unfavourable influences on the results due to a curved geometry or a coated surface. Kaminska et al, for example, carried out investigations on a GFRP plate modified with flat bottom holes [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active Thermography for the Detection of Sub-Surface Defects on a Curved and Coated GFRP-Structure

et al. 2021

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Initial defects, for example, those occurring during the production of a rotor blade, encourage early damages such as rain erosion at the leading edge of wind turbine rotor blades. To investigate the potential that initial defects have for early damage, long-pulse thermography as a non-destructive and contactless measurement technique is applied to a strongly curved and coated test specimen for the first time. This specimen is similar in structural size and design to a rotor blade leading edge and introduced with sub-surface defects whose diameters range between 2mm and 3.5mm at depths between 1.5mm and 2.5mm below the surface. On the curved and coated test specimen, sub-surface defects with a depth-to-diameter ratio of up to 1.04 are successfully detected. In particular, defects are also detectable when being observed from a non-perpendicular viewing angle, where the intensity of the defects decreases with increasing viewing angle due to the strong surface curvature. In conclusion, long-pulse thermography is suitable for the detection of sub-surface defects on coated and curved components and is therefore a promising technique for the on-site application during inspection of rotor blade leading edges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Thermography for the Detection of Sub-Surface Defects on a Curved and Coated GFRP-Structure

et al. 2021

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“…Further tailoring of the acquisition and sensor degradation models supports online calibration using a range of input variables (sensor temperature, ambient temperature, degradation indicators and others), i.e., enables robust shutter-less cameras. The proposed modeling approach can be combined with modern AI-based methods [ 23 ], e.g., object tracking task for infrared images [ 24 ] as well as to improve quality assurance and inspection applications such as infrared thermography [ 25 ], drones for the prevention of fire detection [ 26 ], material defect detection [ 27 ] and even wind turbine erosion detection [ 28 ] while incorporating physical models of different materials.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model and Synthetic Data Generation for Infra-Red Sensors

Leja

Purlans

Novickis

et al. 2022

Sensors

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A key challenge in further improving infrared (IR) sensor capabilities is the development of efficient data pre-processing algorithms. This paper addresses this challenge by providing a mathematical model and synthetic data generation framework for an uncooled IR sensor. The developed model is capable of generating synthetic data for the design of data pre-processing algorithms of uncooled IR sensors. The mathematical model accounts for the physical characteristics of the focal plane array, bolometer readout, optics and the environment. The framework permits the sensor simulation with a range of sensor configurations, pixel defectiveness, non-uniformity and noise parameters.

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“…Therefore, the image-processing methods and their continuous improvement make the thermographic inspection even more suitable alternative to popular ND controls, as ultrasonic testing, for different production environments [12,16]. In literature, different algorithms were proposed to enhance defect detection in terms of dimension, depth and shape [15,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Pulsed Thermography and Post-processing Techniques for CFRP Industrial Components

Panella

Pirinu

2021

J Nondestruct Eval

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Several studies demonstrate the effectiveness of pulsed thermography for detection and visualization of sub-superficial flaws in composites. Continuous improvement of thermal data manipulation makes active thermography an attractive and powerful inspection method for industrial process control and maintenance aims. Therefore, temperature image-processing is the major ongoing challenge in the thermographic research field. However, the particular interest for thermographic inspections is to be more addressed to its simple and relatively fast industrial application; an appropriate image processing tool should be implemented and verified on industrial components, containing manufacturing and in-service defects. In the proposed research, well-established and previously proposed methods were analysed and compared for different defect typology inside three CFRP components. The main goal is not solely focused on establishing the suitable data processing approach, providing detection limits of processed data in terms of damage type, size and distribution. The aim of proposed work is to present detailed examples of thermal imaging methods applied on similar critical defects, evaluating different results among methods in terms of defects mapping capabilities and Tanimoto evaluation criterion, coupled also with the signal-to-noise ratio as assessment of defect detectability.

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An Infrared Defect Sizing Method Based on Enhanced Phase Images

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Active Thermography for the Detection of Sub-Surface Defects on a Curved and Coated GFRP-Structure

Active Thermography for the Detection of Sub-Surface Defects on a Curved and Coated GFRP-Structure

Mathematical Model and Synthetic Data Generation for Infra-Red Sensors

Application of Pulsed Thermography and Post-processing Techniques for CFRP Industrial Components

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