“…Many countries are deploying related technologies such as AI, robotics, machine learning, etc., in the deep-space explorations. Moreover, considering the high-complexity, high cost and high risk involved in spacecraft, advanced technologies in information modelling, simulation, optimisation and decision support methods are required to improve the effectiveness, efficiencies, reliabilities and safety of the space operations (Du et al 2017;Rui et al 2014). The emerging informatics approach offers the benefit to the area of spacecraft regarding in-orbit spacecraft, satellites, space-stations of any types in deep-space exploration missions from ground control, user payload, space weather and conditions, remote sensing and telemetry, and many more spaceflight missions and activities of designing, forecasting, planning and control.…”