An individual sandwich hybrid nanostructure of cobalt disulfide in-situ grown on N doped carbon layer wrapped on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for high-efficiency lithium sulfur batteries

Co-Co9S8-NC particles anchored on 3D hyperfine carbon nanofiber networks with a hierarchical structure as a catalyst promoting polysulfide conversion for lithium–sulfur batteries

“…Thus, the diffusion and migration of Li + ions in the electrolyte can be effectively accelerated. 59…”

“…Thus, the diffusion and migration of Li + ions in the electrolyte can be effectively accelerated. 59 In order to observe the benet of the CNF/Co-Co 9 S 8 -NC modied functional separator for improving electrochemical between the oxidation stage and the reduction stage at 50% discharge capacity reects the polarization of the redox reaction. 61 As seen in Fig.…”

Renewable biomass-derived carbon-based hosts for lithium–sulfur batteries

“…148,149 N-doped carbon materials have great signicance for LSBs by virtue of considerable superiority. 11 The studies on N-doped carbon conducted by Zhang and coworkers 150 show that N doping can increase the nucleation rate of Li 2 S and accelerate the deposition and conversion of polysuldes. Park et al 151 obtained N-rich hierarchical porous carbon bers, showing exceptional surface nitrogen content of 19.38 wt% with abundant pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N of 16.24 wt% in total surface atoms.…”

“…Most attractively, LSBs possess extremely high theoretical energy density (2600 W h kg −1 ) and specic capacity (1675 mA h g −1 ), and the current energy density achieved by LSBs is also streets ahead of commercial LIBs. 11,12 Unfortunately, the industrialization of LSBs has been so far impeded by a series of downsides: (1) the disappointing conductivity of sulfur (5 Â 10 −30 S cm −1 at 25 C) and solid reduction product Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S; (2) the shuttle effect caused by the dissolution and diffusion of lithium polysuldes (LiPSs) during charge and discharge; (3) the erce volume change of sulfur during lithium absorption; (4) the formation of lithium dendrites. [13][14][15][16][17] To achieve the commercial goal of high-capacity LSBs in the near future, numerous schemes have been implemented to address the above challenges, including intercalation of active sulfur into conductive matrices, [18][19][20] modication of battery separators, 21,22 the quest for novel electrode binders, 23 exploitation of solid-state electrolytes, 24 etc.…”

“…Most attractively, LSBs possess extremely high theoretical energy density (2600 W h kg −1 ) and specific capacity (1675 mA h g −1 ), and the current energy density achieved by LSBs is also streets ahead of commercial LIBs. 11,12 Unfortunately, the industrialization of LSBs has been so far impeded by a series of downsides: (1) the disappointing conductivity of sulfur (5 × 10 −30 S cm −1 at 25 °C) and solid reduction product Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S; (2) the shuttle effect caused by the dissolution and diffusion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) during charge and discharge; (3) the fierce volume change of sulfur during lithium absorption; (4) the formation of lithium dendrites. 13–17…”